TY - JOUR
T1 - The Use of Virtual Reality to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in First-Time Sternotomy Patients
T2 - A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
AU - Hendricks, Tina M.
AU - Gutierrez, Claudia N.
AU - Stulak, John M.
AU - Dearani, Joseph
AU - Miller, Jordan D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was made possible using the resources from the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery. The VR module, headset, and sanitary equipment were provided by AppliedVR. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Mayo Clinic. The currently submitted manuscript represents original research that has not been previously submitted and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. The corresponding abstract has been accepted for presentation in the Adult Cardiac Concurrent Forum at the Western Thoracic Surgical Association 45th Annual meeting on June, 29, 2019. We performed this research with approval from the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board (IRB 16-009784). Drs Hendricks and Gutierrez are co-first authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - Objective: To report the first randomized controlled trial to investigate if immersive virtual reality (VR) treatment can reduce patient perceptions of anxiety compared with a tablet-based control treatment in adults undergoing a first-time sternotomy. Methods: Twenty first-time sternotomy patients were prospectively randomized (blinded to investigator) to a control or VR intervention. The VR intervention was a game module “Bear Blast” (AppliedVR) displayed using a Samsung Gear Oculus VR headset. The control intervention was a tablet-based game with comparable audio, visual, and tactile components. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered before and after the assigned intervention. Self-reported anxiety measures between the control and VR groups were evaluated using an unpaired t test. Changes in self-reported anxiety measures pre- and post-intervention were evaluated with a paired t test for both the control and VR groups. The study took place from May 1, 2017, through January 1, 2019 (Institutional Review Board 16-009784). Results: Both control and VR groups were 90.0% male, with a mean ± SD age of 63.4 ± 9.11 and 69.5 ± 6.9 years, respectively. VR users experienced significant reductions in feeling tense and strained, and significant improvements in feeling calm when compared with tablet controls (P<0.05). They also experienced significant reductions in feeling strained, upset, and tense when compared with their own self-reported anxiety measure pre- and post-intervention (P<0.05). Critically, control patients had no change in these categories. Conclusion: Immersive VR is an effective, nonpharmacologic approach to reducing preoperative anxiety in adults undergoing cardiac surgery and shows the validity and utility of this technology in adult patients.
AB - Objective: To report the first randomized controlled trial to investigate if immersive virtual reality (VR) treatment can reduce patient perceptions of anxiety compared with a tablet-based control treatment in adults undergoing a first-time sternotomy. Methods: Twenty first-time sternotomy patients were prospectively randomized (blinded to investigator) to a control or VR intervention. The VR intervention was a game module “Bear Blast” (AppliedVR) displayed using a Samsung Gear Oculus VR headset. The control intervention was a tablet-based game with comparable audio, visual, and tactile components. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered before and after the assigned intervention. Self-reported anxiety measures between the control and VR groups were evaluated using an unpaired t test. Changes in self-reported anxiety measures pre- and post-intervention were evaluated with a paired t test for both the control and VR groups. The study took place from May 1, 2017, through January 1, 2019 (Institutional Review Board 16-009784). Results: Both control and VR groups were 90.0% male, with a mean ± SD age of 63.4 ± 9.11 and 69.5 ± 6.9 years, respectively. VR users experienced significant reductions in feeling tense and strained, and significant improvements in feeling calm when compared with tablet controls (P<0.05). They also experienced significant reductions in feeling strained, upset, and tense when compared with their own self-reported anxiety measure pre- and post-intervention (P<0.05). Critically, control patients had no change in these categories. Conclusion: Immersive VR is an effective, nonpharmacologic approach to reducing preoperative anxiety in adults undergoing cardiac surgery and shows the validity and utility of this technology in adult patients.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085349125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85085349125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.032
DO - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.032
M3 - Article
C2 - 32498771
AN - SCOPUS:85085349125
VL - 95
SP - 1148
EP - 1157
JO - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
JF - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
SN - 0025-6196
IS - 6
ER -