@article{e686661eb1fe46e5bef7267d47987c9b,
title = "The 3′ enhancer region determines the B/T specificity and pro-B/pre-B specificity of immunoglobulin Vκ-Jκ joining",
abstract = "Using transgenic substrates, we found that the immunoglobulin κ gene 3′ enhancer (E3′) acts as a negative regulator in Vκ-Jκ joining. Although the E3′ was originally identified as a transcriptional enhancer, it acts in a Buppressive manner for recombinational regulation. Base substitution analysis has shown that the PU. 1-binding site within the E3′ regulates the B/T specificity of Vκ-Jκ joining. In a substrate with a mutated PU. 1-binding site (GAGGAA to TCTTCG), Vκ-Jκ joining occurred not only in B cells, but also in T cells. The E3′ region is also responsible for determining the pro-B/pre-B specificity of Vκ-Jκ joining. When the E3′ region was deleted, κ gene rearrangement actively occurred at the early pro-B stage of B cell development: non-germline (N) nucleotides were common at recombination junctions.",
author = "Ryuji Hiramatsu and Kiwamu Akagi and Masao Matsuoka and Kunihiko Sakumi and Hiro Nakamura and Linda Kingsbury and Chella David and Hardy, {Richard R.} and Yamamura, {Ken ichi} and Hitoshi Sakano",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (H. S., C. D.. and Ft. R. H.), American Cancer Society (H. S.), Leukemia Society of America (M. M.), Green Cross Corporation (Ft. H.), Special Promotion Research of Monbusho in Japan (H. S.), and Ministry of Education and Culture of Japan (K. Y.). We thank Frederick W. Alt for communicating unpublished results, and Richard A. Maki, Michael L. Atchison, Toshitada Takemori, and Marian E. Koshland for helpful discussions throughout this work. We also thank Brigitte A. Hajos, Ming Zhang, Candace M. Cham, Bertrand Tan, Rie Uchida. Wei-Lien Wang, and Jean C. Yeh for expert technical assistance.",
year = "1995",
month = dec,
day = "29",
doi = "10.1016/0092-8674(95)90138-8",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "83",
pages = "1113--1123",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "7",
}