TY - JOUR
T1 - Residential proximity to industrial combustion facilities and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
T2 - A case-control study
AU - Pronk, Anjoeka
AU - Nuckols, John R.
AU - De Roos, Anneclaire J.
AU - Airola, Matthew
AU - Colt, Joanne S.
AU - Cerhan, James R.
AU - Morton, Lindsay
AU - Cozen, Wendy
AU - Severson, Richard
AU - Blair, Aaron
AU - Cleverly, David
AU - Ward, Mary H.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Lonn Tremblay and Nathan Appel of Information Management Systems, Inc for programming support. We also thank Laura Gold, Robert Mathes, Hozefa Divan, and Jim Giglierano and his staff at the Iowa Geologic Survey for their efforts in ground checking residential locations and Abigail Flory of Westat, Inc. for additional verification of GPS locations. This study was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, NCI and by NCI SEER Contracts N01-PC-65064 (Detroit), N01-PC-67009 (Seattle), N01-CN-67008 (Iowa) and N01-CN-67010 (Los Angeles). John Nuckols was supported in part, through an intergovernmental personnel agreement between the NCI Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch and Colorado State University.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Background: Residence near municipal solid waste incinerators, a major historical source of dioxin emissions, has been associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in European studies. The aim of our study was to evaluate residence near industrial combustion facilities and estimates of dioxin emissions in relation to NHL risk in the United States. Methods. We conducted a population-based case-control study of NHL (1998-2000) in four National Cancer Institute-Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results centers (Detroit, Iowa, Los Angeles, Seattle). Residential histories 15 years before diagnosis (similar date for controls) were linked to an Environmental Protection Agency database of dioxin-emitting facilities for 969 cases and 749 controls. We evaluated proximity (3 and 5 km) to 10 facility types that accounted for >85% of U.S. emissions and a distance-weighted average emission index (AEI [ng toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ)/year]). Results: Proximity to any dioxin-emitting facility was not associated with NHL risk (3 km OR=1.0, 95% CI 0.8-1.3). Risk was elevated for residence near cement kilns (5 km OR=1.7, 95% CI 0.8-3.3; 3 km OR=3.8, 95% CI 1.1-14.0) and reduced for residence near municipal solid waste incinerators (5 km OR=0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9; 3 km OR=0.3, 95% CI 0.1-1.4). The AEI was not associated with risk of NHL overall. Risk for marginal zone lymphoma was increased for the highest versus lowest quartile (5 km OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.0-6.8; 3 km OR=3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.3). Conclusions: Overall, we found no association with residential exposure to dioxins and NHL risk. However, findings for high emissions and marginal zone lymphoma and for specific facility types and all NHL provide some evidence of an association and deserve future study.
AB - Background: Residence near municipal solid waste incinerators, a major historical source of dioxin emissions, has been associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in European studies. The aim of our study was to evaluate residence near industrial combustion facilities and estimates of dioxin emissions in relation to NHL risk in the United States. Methods. We conducted a population-based case-control study of NHL (1998-2000) in four National Cancer Institute-Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results centers (Detroit, Iowa, Los Angeles, Seattle). Residential histories 15 years before diagnosis (similar date for controls) were linked to an Environmental Protection Agency database of dioxin-emitting facilities for 969 cases and 749 controls. We evaluated proximity (3 and 5 km) to 10 facility types that accounted for >85% of U.S. emissions and a distance-weighted average emission index (AEI [ng toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ)/year]). Results: Proximity to any dioxin-emitting facility was not associated with NHL risk (3 km OR=1.0, 95% CI 0.8-1.3). Risk was elevated for residence near cement kilns (5 km OR=1.7, 95% CI 0.8-3.3; 3 km OR=3.8, 95% CI 1.1-14.0) and reduced for residence near municipal solid waste incinerators (5 km OR=0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9; 3 km OR=0.3, 95% CI 0.1-1.4). The AEI was not associated with risk of NHL overall. Risk for marginal zone lymphoma was increased for the highest versus lowest quartile (5 km OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.0-6.8; 3 km OR=3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.3). Conclusions: Overall, we found no association with residential exposure to dioxins and NHL risk. However, findings for high emissions and marginal zone lymphoma and for specific facility types and all NHL provide some evidence of an association and deserve future study.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Case-control study
KW - Dioxins
KW - Geographic information systems
KW - Lymphomas
KW - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
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U2 - 10.1186/1476-069X-12-20
DO - 10.1186/1476-069X-12-20
M3 - Article
C2 - 23433489
AN - SCOPUS:84875160309
VL - 12
JO - Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source
JF - Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source
SN - 1476-069X
IS - 1
M1 - 20
ER -