TY - JOUR
T1 - PET/CT and PET/MRI in neuroendocrine neoplasms
AU - Rajamohan, Naveen
AU - Khasawneh, Hala
AU - Singh, Aparna
AU - Suman, Garima
AU - Johnson, Geoffrey B.
AU - Majumder, Shounak
AU - Halfdanarson, Thorvardur R.
AU - Goenka, Ajit H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Advanced molecular imaging has come to play an integral role in the management of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET has now emerged as the reference standard for the evaluation of NENs and is particularly critical in the context of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) eligibility. SSTR PET/MRI with liver-specific contrast agent has a strong potential for one-stop-shop multiparametric evaluation of GEP-NENs. 18F-FDG is a complementary radiotracer to SSTR, especially in the context of high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. Knowledge gaps in quantitative evaluation of molecular imaging studies and their role in assessment of response to PRRT and combination therapies are active research areas. Novel radiotracers have the potential to overcome existing limitations in the molecular imaging of GEP-NENs. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current trends, pitfalls, and recent advancements of molecular imaging for GEP-NENs.
AB - Advanced molecular imaging has come to play an integral role in the management of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET has now emerged as the reference standard for the evaluation of NENs and is particularly critical in the context of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) eligibility. SSTR PET/MRI with liver-specific contrast agent has a strong potential for one-stop-shop multiparametric evaluation of GEP-NENs. 18F-FDG is a complementary radiotracer to SSTR, especially in the context of high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. Knowledge gaps in quantitative evaluation of molecular imaging studies and their role in assessment of response to PRRT and combination therapies are active research areas. Novel radiotracers have the potential to overcome existing limitations in the molecular imaging of GEP-NENs. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current trends, pitfalls, and recent advancements of molecular imaging for GEP-NENs.
KW - Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
KW - Gallium radioisotopes
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Neuroendocrine tumors
KW - Positron emission tomography-computed tomography
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U2 - 10.1007/s00261-022-03516-2
DO - 10.1007/s00261-022-03516-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35426497
AN - SCOPUS:85129317894
SN - 2366-004X
VL - 47
SP - 4058
EP - 4072
JO - Abdominal Radiology
JF - Abdominal Radiology
IS - 12
ER -