Personal factors affecting African-American men's prostate cancer screening behavior

Purpose: Although there are significant controversies about prostate cancer screening, it is the only method recognized to combat prostate cancer through early detection and appropriate treatment. The primary goal of this study was to identify personal factors influencing African-American men's participation in prostate cancer screening. Methods: Two cross-sectional mail surveys were conducted over one year to test the validity of the Attitude-Social Influence-Efficacy model in predicting prostate cancer screening. Data were collected from African-American men age ≥40. The study hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses Results: One-hundred-ninety-one African-American men participated in the first cross-sectional survey, and 65 African-American men responded to the follow-up survey a year later. The participants were mostly African-American men who were born and grew up in America, were 50-59 years of age, had some college training, were married, were urban residents, had full-time employment status and had a household income of $20,000-$39,000. The key determinants of intention to undergo prostate cancer screening were attitude, perceived behavioral control, past behavior and perceived susceptibility. Attitude was the primary determinant of screening behavior. Conclusion: To foster appropriate prostate cancer detection activities, the modifiable factors identified in this study should be considered.