TY - JOUR
T1 - Patient willingness to undergo pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic tests in early phase oncology trials
AU - Tibes, Raoul
AU - Piper, Barbara F.
AU - Smith, Jessica A.
AU - James, Raysenia L.
AU - Benjamin, Martin A.
AU - Yim, Jay H.
AU - Ramanathan, Ramesh K.
AU - Von Hoff, Daniel D.
AU - Bay, R. Curtis
AU - Borad, Mitesh J.
PY - 2011/7/15
Y1 - 2011/7/15
N2 - Backkground: Increasingly, early phase clinical trials involve pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) assays as well as frequent imaging studies. The authors conducted a prospective study examining patients' willingness to undergo such tests and the number of tests the patients would tolerate. Methods: A prospective, correlative study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire to measure patients' willingness on a scale from 1 (not willing) to 10 (very willing) to undergo various procedures (eg, tumor and skin biopsies, blood tests) and imaging studies (eg, magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiogram). In addition, correlations were assessed between the number and type of tests and demographics, previous test experience, inconvenience, and insurance coverage. Sixty-one patients (22 women and 39 men) with advanced malignancies were enrolled. Descriptive, nonparametric, and parametric inferential statistics were used. Results: Overall willingness to undergo study-required tests was very high. Patients were most willing to undergo urine, blood, ultrasound, x-rays, echocardiogram, and computed tomography studies and were least willing to undergo tumor and skin biopsies and magnetic resonance imaging (all P â01). Significant inverse relations were observed between the frequency of a particular test and patient's willingness to undergo such tests. Inconvenience and prior negative experiences for more invasive tests (eg, skin biopsies) modestly affected willingness to undergo these tests again. College education, insurance coverage, and the requirement of tests for enrollment were correlated positively with willingness to undergo tests. Conclusions: The current findings provide the first prospectively collected data on patients' willingness to undergo PK/PD tests and imaging studies associated with early stage oncology drug trials and can serve as basis for further exploration toward the design of patient-friendly, biomarker-driven clinical studies in oncology.
AB - Backkground: Increasingly, early phase clinical trials involve pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) assays as well as frequent imaging studies. The authors conducted a prospective study examining patients' willingness to undergo such tests and the number of tests the patients would tolerate. Methods: A prospective, correlative study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire to measure patients' willingness on a scale from 1 (not willing) to 10 (very willing) to undergo various procedures (eg, tumor and skin biopsies, blood tests) and imaging studies (eg, magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiogram). In addition, correlations were assessed between the number and type of tests and demographics, previous test experience, inconvenience, and insurance coverage. Sixty-one patients (22 women and 39 men) with advanced malignancies were enrolled. Descriptive, nonparametric, and parametric inferential statistics were used. Results: Overall willingness to undergo study-required tests was very high. Patients were most willing to undergo urine, blood, ultrasound, x-rays, echocardiogram, and computed tomography studies and were least willing to undergo tumor and skin biopsies and magnetic resonance imaging (all P â01). Significant inverse relations were observed between the frequency of a particular test and patient's willingness to undergo such tests. Inconvenience and prior negative experiences for more invasive tests (eg, skin biopsies) modestly affected willingness to undergo these tests again. College education, insurance coverage, and the requirement of tests for enrollment were correlated positively with willingness to undergo tests. Conclusions: The current findings provide the first prospectively collected data on patients' willingness to undergo PK/PD tests and imaging studies associated with early stage oncology drug trials and can serve as basis for further exploration toward the design of patient-friendly, biomarker-driven clinical studies in oncology.
KW - clinical trials
KW - oncology
KW - pharmacodynamic markers
KW - phase 1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79959971560&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79959971560&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/cncr.25885
DO - 10.1002/cncr.25885
M3 - Article
C2 - 21246533
AN - SCOPUS:79959971560
SN - 0008-543X
VL - 117
SP - 3276
EP - 3283
JO - Cancer
JF - Cancer
IS - 14
ER -