TY - JOUR
T1 - Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorders
AU - Gilligan, Michael
AU - McGuigan, Christopher
AU - McKeon, Andrew
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Gilligan is funded by the Irish Clinical Academic Training (ICAT) Programme, supported by the Wellcome Trust and the Health Research Board (Grant Number 203930/B/16/Z), and the Health Service Executive National Doctors Training and Planning and the Health and Social Care, Research and Development Division, Northern Ireland. Dr. McGuigan reports no disclosures. Dr. McKeon is funded by grants from NIH (RO1NS126227, U01NS120901), and has consulted for Janssen and Roche Pharmaceuticals without personal compensation. Dr. McKeon has patents for Septin-5-IgG and Septin-7-IgG licensed to Euroimmun, a patent for GFAP-IgG issued, a patent for MAP1B-IgG with royalties paid to himself and licensed to Ravo Diagnostika, and patents for KLCHL11-IgG and PDE10A-IgG pending.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Purpose of Review: To provide an overview and highlight recent updates in the field of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders. Recent Findings: The prevalence of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders is greater than previously reported and the incidence has been rising over time, due to improved recognition in the era of antibody biomarkers. Updated diagnostic criteria that are broadly inclusive and also contain diagnostic risk for clinical presentations (high and intermediate) and diagnostic antibodies (high, intermediate, and low) have replaced the original 2004 criteria. Antibody biomarkers continue to be characterized (e.g., KLHL-11 associated with seminoma in men with brainstem encephalitis). Some paraneoplastic antibodies also provide insight into likely immunotherapy response and prognosis. The rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors as cancer therapeutics has been associated with newly observed immune-mediated adverse effects including paraneoplastic neurological disorders. The therapeutic approach to paraneoplastic neurologic disorders is centered around cancer care and trials of immune therapy. Summary: The field of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders continues to be advanced by the identification of novel antibody biomarkers which have diagnostic utility, and give insight into likely treatment responses and outcomes.
AB - Purpose of Review: To provide an overview and highlight recent updates in the field of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders. Recent Findings: The prevalence of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders is greater than previously reported and the incidence has been rising over time, due to improved recognition in the era of antibody biomarkers. Updated diagnostic criteria that are broadly inclusive and also contain diagnostic risk for clinical presentations (high and intermediate) and diagnostic antibodies (high, intermediate, and low) have replaced the original 2004 criteria. Antibody biomarkers continue to be characterized (e.g., KLHL-11 associated with seminoma in men with brainstem encephalitis). Some paraneoplastic antibodies also provide insight into likely immunotherapy response and prognosis. The rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors as cancer therapeutics has been associated with newly observed immune-mediated adverse effects including paraneoplastic neurological disorders. The therapeutic approach to paraneoplastic neurologic disorders is centered around cancer care and trials of immune therapy. Summary: The field of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders continues to be advanced by the identification of novel antibody biomarkers which have diagnostic utility, and give insight into likely treatment responses and outcomes.
KW - Autoimmune neurology
KW - Diagnostic criteria
KW - Immune checkpoint inhibitors
KW - Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes
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U2 - 10.1007/s11910-023-01250-w
DO - 10.1007/s11910-023-01250-w
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36781586
AN - SCOPUS:85147940154
SN - 1528-4042
VL - 23
SP - 67
EP - 82
JO - Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
JF - Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
IS - 3
ER -