New clinical paradigms for treating and preventing antiplatelet gastrointestinal bleeding

Purpose of review To quantify antiplatelet-related gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), characterize patients at greatest risk and summarize risk-management strategies emphasizing evolving knowledge in acute management of antiplatelet-related bleeding. Recent findings New paradigms for acute management of antiplatelet-related GIB exist in the domains of resuscitation and the transfusion of blood products, strategic use of proton pump therapy and identification and eradication of Helicobacter pylori. This review will also highlight the importance of prompt resumption of cardiac aspirin and dual antiplatelet therapy following endoscopic hemostasis to minimize the risk of future cardiac events. Summary This review will provide pragmatic strategies for the management of acute antiplatelet-related GIB. Emerging areas of clinical knowledge will be addressed and knowledge gaps requiring further research to inform clinical practice will be highlighted.