TY - JOUR
T1 - Managing Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents
T2 - A Clinical Review
AU - Landry, Bradford W.
AU - Fischer, Philip R.
AU - Driscoll, Sherilyn W.
AU - Koch, Krista M.
AU - Harbeck-Weber, Cynthia
AU - Mack, Kenneth J.
AU - Wilder, Robert T.
AU - Bauer, Brent A.
AU - Brandenburg, Joline E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
PY - 2015/11
Y1 - 2015/11
N2 - Chronic pain in children and adolescents can be difficult for a single provider to manage in a busy clinical setting. Part of this difficulty is that pediatric chronic pain not only impacts the child but also the families of these children. In this review article, we discuss etiology and pathophysiology of chronic pain, along with variables that impact the severity of chronic pain and functional loss. We review diagnosis and management of selected chronic pain conditions in pediatric patients, including headache, low back pain, hypermobility, chronic fatigue, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, abdominal pain, fibromyalgia, and complex regional pain syndrome. For each condition, we create a road map that contains therapy prescriptions, exercise recommendations, and variables that may influence pain severity. Potential medications for these pain conditions and associated symptoms are reviewed. A multidisciplinary approach for managing children with these conditions, including pediatric pain rehabilitation programs, is emphasized. Lastly, we discuss psychological factors and interventions for pediatric chronic pain and potential complementary and alternative natural products and interventions.
AB - Chronic pain in children and adolescents can be difficult for a single provider to manage in a busy clinical setting. Part of this difficulty is that pediatric chronic pain not only impacts the child but also the families of these children. In this review article, we discuss etiology and pathophysiology of chronic pain, along with variables that impact the severity of chronic pain and functional loss. We review diagnosis and management of selected chronic pain conditions in pediatric patients, including headache, low back pain, hypermobility, chronic fatigue, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, abdominal pain, fibromyalgia, and complex regional pain syndrome. For each condition, we create a road map that contains therapy prescriptions, exercise recommendations, and variables that may influence pain severity. Potential medications for these pain conditions and associated symptoms are reviewed. A multidisciplinary approach for managing children with these conditions, including pediatric pain rehabilitation programs, is emphasized. Lastly, we discuss psychological factors and interventions for pediatric chronic pain and potential complementary and alternative natural products and interventions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84947430547&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84947430547&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.09.006
DO - 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.09.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26568508
AN - SCOPUS:84947430547
SN - 1934-1482
VL - 7
SP - S295-S315
JO - PM and R
JF - PM and R
IS - 11
ER -