TY - JOUR
T1 - Household endotoxin levels and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - Cozen, Wendy
AU - Thorne, Peter S.
AU - Berhane, Kiros
AU - Cerhan, James R.
AU - Hartge, Patricia
AU - Ward, Mary H.
AU - De Roos, Anneclaire J.
AU - Severson, Richard K.
AU - Morton, Lindsay M.
AU - Bernstein, Leslie
AU - Linet, Martha S.
AU - Colt, Joanne S.
N1 - Funding Information:
California, Wayne State University, University of Washington and Mayo Clinic. This study was also supported by grants P01 CA17054, P30 ES07048, and the Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA014089, funded by the National Cancer Institute from the National Institutes of Health awarded to the University of Southern California. Additional funding from NIEHS supported exposure assessment at the University of Iowa (P30 ES005605). The collection of cancer incidence data in Los Angeles County was supported by the California Department of Health Services as part of the statewide cancer reporting program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Section 103885 and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Program of Cancer Registries, under agreement #U55/CCR921930-02 awarded to the Public Health Institute. The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and endorsement by the State of California, Department of Health Services, the National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or their Contractors and Subcontractors is not intended nor should be inferred.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This study was supported by the National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program under contracts N01-PC-35139, N01 PC065064, NO1-PC-67008, N01-PC-71105, and N01-PC67009 awarded to the University of Southern
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - Objective: Endotoxin, a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, elicits a strong innate and inflammatory immune response associated with the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Because TNF-α polymorphisms that increase TNF-α production are associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we hypothesized that increased levels of household endotoxin would be associated with an increased NHL risk. Methods: We evaluated this association in the National Cancer Institute/Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (NCI/SEER) NHL multicenter population-based case-control study. Used vacuum cleaner bags were collected from participants during a home interview. Dust samples from the bags of 594 cases and 442 controls were analyzed for endotoxin [endotoxin unit (EU)/mg of dust] using the kinetic chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of endotoxin on NHL risk adjusted for age, sex, race, education, study center, and farm exposure. Results: Endotoxin was not associated with NHL overall [odds ratio (OR) for highest quartile of endotoxin levels = 0.81, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.55, 1.20; p for trend = 0.35] or with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 0.63, 95 % CI = 0.34, 1.16; p = 0.31) or follicular lymphoma (OR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 0.61, 1.89; p = 0.73) subtypes. Both working and living on a farm were associated with higher household endotoxin levels compared to never working (p = 0.009) or living (p = 0.01) on a farm. Excluding farmers from the analysis did not change the results. Conclusions: We found no evidence of a role for household endotoxin in NHL etiology.
AB - Objective: Endotoxin, a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, elicits a strong innate and inflammatory immune response associated with the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Because TNF-α polymorphisms that increase TNF-α production are associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we hypothesized that increased levels of household endotoxin would be associated with an increased NHL risk. Methods: We evaluated this association in the National Cancer Institute/Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (NCI/SEER) NHL multicenter population-based case-control study. Used vacuum cleaner bags were collected from participants during a home interview. Dust samples from the bags of 594 cases and 442 controls were analyzed for endotoxin [endotoxin unit (EU)/mg of dust] using the kinetic chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of endotoxin on NHL risk adjusted for age, sex, race, education, study center, and farm exposure. Results: Endotoxin was not associated with NHL overall [odds ratio (OR) for highest quartile of endotoxin levels = 0.81, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.55, 1.20; p for trend = 0.35] or with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 0.63, 95 % CI = 0.34, 1.16; p = 0.31) or follicular lymphoma (OR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 0.61, 1.89; p = 0.73) subtypes. Both working and living on a farm were associated with higher household endotoxin levels compared to never working (p = 0.009) or living (p = 0.01) on a farm. Excluding farmers from the analysis did not change the results. Conclusions: We found no evidence of a role for household endotoxin in NHL etiology.
KW - Case-control
KW - Endotoxin
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Farming
KW - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
KW - Risk
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84878886097&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84878886097&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10552-012-0121-9
DO - 10.1007/s10552-012-0121-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 23277417
AN - SCOPUS:84878886097
SN - 0957-5243
VL - 24
SP - 357
EP - 364
JO - Cancer Causes and Control
JF - Cancer Causes and Control
IS - 2
ER -