TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracellular Vesicles as Theranostic Tools in Kidney Disease
AU - Huang, Weijun
AU - Zhu, Xiang Yang
AU - Lerman, Amir
AU - Lerman, Lilach O.
N1 - Funding Information:
W. Huang is supported by China scholarship council and reports research funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and honoraria from Dongzhimen Hospital. A. Ler-man reports consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Itamar Medical, Phillips, and Shahal Telecommunication and serves as an advisor to CureSpec. L.O. Lerman reports consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Butterfly Biosciences, and CureSpec; research funding from AstraZeneca; honoraria from AstraZeneca, Butterfly Biosciences, and CureSpec; patents or royalties from Cohbar and Stealth Biopharmaceuticals; serving in an advisory or leadership role with AstraZeneca and CureSpec; and other interests or relationships with the American Heart Association and the National Institutes of Health. The remaining author has nothing to disclose.
Funding Information:
Randall J. Fritz (Mayo Clinic) substantively edited the manuscript. The scientific publications staff at Mayo Clinic provided proofreading, administrative, and clerical support. We also thank the China Scholarship Council for support.
Funding Information:
This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants DK120292, DK122734, and AG062104.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, American Society of Nephrology. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - Extracellular vesicles are important vectors for cell-cell communication and show potential value for diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases. The pathologic diagnosis of kidney diseases relies on kidney biopsy, whereas collection of extracellular vesicles from urine or circulating blood may constitute a less invasive diagnostic tool. In particular, urinary extracellular vesicles released mainly from resident kidney cells might provide an alternative tool for detection of kidney injury. Because extracellular vesicles mirror many features of their parent cells, cargoes of several populations of urinary extracellular vesicles are promising biomarkers for disease processes, like diabetic kidney disease, kidney transplant, and lupus nephritis. Contrarily, extracellular vesicles derived from reparative cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, tubular epithelial progenitor cells, and human umbilical cord blood represent promising regenerative tools for treatment of kidney diseases. Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells–derived and engineered extracellular vesicles are being developed for specific applications for the kidney. Nevertheless, some assumptions regarding the specificity and immunogenicity of extracellular vesicles remain to be established. This review focuses on the utility of extracellular vesicles as therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostic) tools in kidney diseases and future directions for studies.
AB - Extracellular vesicles are important vectors for cell-cell communication and show potential value for diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases. The pathologic diagnosis of kidney diseases relies on kidney biopsy, whereas collection of extracellular vesicles from urine or circulating blood may constitute a less invasive diagnostic tool. In particular, urinary extracellular vesicles released mainly from resident kidney cells might provide an alternative tool for detection of kidney injury. Because extracellular vesicles mirror many features of their parent cells, cargoes of several populations of urinary extracellular vesicles are promising biomarkers for disease processes, like diabetic kidney disease, kidney transplant, and lupus nephritis. Contrarily, extracellular vesicles derived from reparative cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, tubular epithelial progenitor cells, and human umbilical cord blood represent promising regenerative tools for treatment of kidney diseases. Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells–derived and engineered extracellular vesicles are being developed for specific applications for the kidney. Nevertheless, some assumptions regarding the specificity and immunogenicity of extracellular vesicles remain to be established. This review focuses on the utility of extracellular vesicles as therapeutic and diagnostic (theranostic) tools in kidney diseases and future directions for studies.
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U2 - 10.2215/CJN.16751221
DO - 10.2215/CJN.16751221
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35260417
AN - SCOPUS:85135058075
VL - 17
SP - 1418
EP - 1429
JO - Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
JF - Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
SN - 1555-9041
IS - 9
ER -