TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical failure of botulinum toxin A in movement disorders
AU - Savica, Rodolfo
AU - Grossardt, Brandon R.
AU - Bower, James H.
AU - Klassen, Bryan T.
AU - Matsumoto, Joseph Y.
PY - 2012/1
Y1 - 2012/1
N2 - Objective: Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections have been used extensively in medicine; however, little is known about the factors predicting the loss of effectiveness of botulin toxin. Methods: Using a clinical database, we identified 401 subjects who had been treated for movement disorders from 1998 through 2010 with onabotulinumtoxin A (BTX A) or who switched from BTX A to rimabotulinumtoxin B (BTX B). We compared patients who switched from type A to type B with patients using type A only with regard to number of visits, total number of injections, number of initial and final sites, number of initial units used, and duration of treatments. Results: We observed that patients who switched from BTX A to B had a significantly higher number of initial injection sites than patients with BTX A only (BTX A to B median=8.5; BTX A median=6; p for difference=0.006), had a higher number of final sites (BTX A to B median=9 BTX A median=7; p=0.01), and were also more likely to have multiple reasons for injection (BTX A to B=25.0%; botulin toxin A=5.3%; p=0.01). We did not find significant differences between groups based on the other variables. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that higher number of sites rather than higher number of units or years of treatment are associated with the loss of effectiveness to BTX A. It is possible that the loss of effectiveness to the BTX is more strongly elicited when the injections are widely diffuse.
AB - Objective: Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections have been used extensively in medicine; however, little is known about the factors predicting the loss of effectiveness of botulin toxin. Methods: Using a clinical database, we identified 401 subjects who had been treated for movement disorders from 1998 through 2010 with onabotulinumtoxin A (BTX A) or who switched from BTX A to rimabotulinumtoxin B (BTX B). We compared patients who switched from type A to type B with patients using type A only with regard to number of visits, total number of injections, number of initial and final sites, number of initial units used, and duration of treatments. Results: We observed that patients who switched from BTX A to B had a significantly higher number of initial injection sites than patients with BTX A only (BTX A to B median=8.5; BTX A median=6; p for difference=0.006), had a higher number of final sites (BTX A to B median=9 BTX A median=7; p=0.01), and were also more likely to have multiple reasons for injection (BTX A to B=25.0%; botulin toxin A=5.3%; p=0.01). We did not find significant differences between groups based on the other variables. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that higher number of sites rather than higher number of units or years of treatment are associated with the loss of effectiveness to BTX A. It is possible that the loss of effectiveness to the BTX is more strongly elicited when the injections are widely diffuse.
KW - Botulin toxin
KW - Cervical dystonia
KW - Hemifacial spasm
KW - Torticollis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.07.016
DO - 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.07.016
M3 - Article
C2 - 21880538
AN - SCOPUS:84655169226
SN - 1353-8020
VL - 18
SP - 73
EP - 75
JO - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
JF - Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
IS - 1
ER -