Characterization of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes in B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue

B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue invariably contain large numbers of reactive tumor-infiltrating T cells. In the stomach, these lymphomas develop secondary to Helicobacter pylori infection, and clinical and in vitro studies have shown that their growth depends on help provided by H. pylori-specific T cells. In this study we characterized tumor-infiltrating T cells in low- and highgrade B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue using immunohistochemistry. In most cases, CD4⁺ T cells dominated and almost all T cells were CD45RO⁺ memory cells. In 11 of 13 cases studied, the proliferating T cells were CD4⁺ and no proliferation was observed in the CD8⁺ subset. In lowgrade lymphomas, between 7 and 24% of T cells expressed CD40L whereas no CD40L expression was observed in the majority of high-grade tumors. Examination of homing receptor profile showed that both α4β7 integrin⁺ and L-selectin⁺ T cells were present. Examination of T cell diversity by a panel of antibodies against different T-cell receptor Vβ regions and by analysis of T-cell receptor genes using polymerase chain reaction suggested that the T cells in these tumors were polyclonal. These results show that lowgrade B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue contain a significant population of activated helper T cells that maybe important in supporting tumor growth.