Abstract
A novel graphene-based variable capacitor (varactor) that senses glucose based on the quantum capacitance effect was successfully developed. The sensor utilizes a metal-oxide-graphene varactor device structure that is inherently compatible with passive wireless sensing, a key advantage for in vivo glucose sensing. The graphene varactors were functionalized with pyrene-1-boronic acid (PBA) by self-assembly driven by π-π interactions. Successful surface functionalization was confirmed by both Raman spectroscopy and capacitance-voltage characterization of the devices. Through glucose binding to the PBA, the glucose concentration in the buffer solutions modulates the level of electrostatic doping of the graphene surface to different degrees, which leads to capacitance changes and Dirac voltage shifts. These responses to the glucose concentration were shown to be reproducible and reversible over multiple measurement cycles, suggesting promise for eventual use in wireless glucose monitoring.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 38863-38869 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 44 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 8 2017 |
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Keywords
- glucose
- graphene
- label-free biosensing
- pyrene-1-boronic acid
- varactor
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
Cite this
Capacitive Sensing of Glucose in Electrolytes Using Graphene Quantum Capacitance Varactors. / Zhang, Yao; Ma, Rui; Zhen, Xue V.; Kudva, Yogish C; Bühlmann, Philippe; Koester, Steven J.
In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol. 9, No. 44, 08.11.2017, p. 38863-38869.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Capacitive Sensing of Glucose in Electrolytes Using Graphene Quantum Capacitance Varactors
AU - Zhang, Yao
AU - Ma, Rui
AU - Zhen, Xue V.
AU - Kudva, Yogish C
AU - Bühlmann, Philippe
AU - Koester, Steven J.
PY - 2017/11/8
Y1 - 2017/11/8
N2 - A novel graphene-based variable capacitor (varactor) that senses glucose based on the quantum capacitance effect was successfully developed. The sensor utilizes a metal-oxide-graphene varactor device structure that is inherently compatible with passive wireless sensing, a key advantage for in vivo glucose sensing. The graphene varactors were functionalized with pyrene-1-boronic acid (PBA) by self-assembly driven by π-π interactions. Successful surface functionalization was confirmed by both Raman spectroscopy and capacitance-voltage characterization of the devices. Through glucose binding to the PBA, the glucose concentration in the buffer solutions modulates the level of electrostatic doping of the graphene surface to different degrees, which leads to capacitance changes and Dirac voltage shifts. These responses to the glucose concentration were shown to be reproducible and reversible over multiple measurement cycles, suggesting promise for eventual use in wireless glucose monitoring.
AB - A novel graphene-based variable capacitor (varactor) that senses glucose based on the quantum capacitance effect was successfully developed. The sensor utilizes a metal-oxide-graphene varactor device structure that is inherently compatible with passive wireless sensing, a key advantage for in vivo glucose sensing. The graphene varactors were functionalized with pyrene-1-boronic acid (PBA) by self-assembly driven by π-π interactions. Successful surface functionalization was confirmed by both Raman spectroscopy and capacitance-voltage characterization of the devices. Through glucose binding to the PBA, the glucose concentration in the buffer solutions modulates the level of electrostatic doping of the graphene surface to different degrees, which leads to capacitance changes and Dirac voltage shifts. These responses to the glucose concentration were shown to be reproducible and reversible over multiple measurement cycles, suggesting promise for eventual use in wireless glucose monitoring.
KW - glucose
KW - graphene
KW - label-free biosensing
KW - pyrene-1-boronic acid
KW - varactor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85033359654&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85033359654&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsami.7b14864
DO - 10.1021/acsami.7b14864
M3 - Article
C2 - 29023095
AN - SCOPUS:85033359654
VL - 9
SP - 38863
EP - 38869
JO - ACS applied materials & interfaces
JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces
SN - 1944-8244
IS - 44
ER -