@article{d99f1acfa13f46669105f3f980c12c4c,
title = "A PGC-1α isoform induced by resistance training regulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy",
abstract = "PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator induced by exercise that gives muscle many of the best known adaptations to endurance-type exercise but has no effects on muscle strength or hypertrophy. We have identified a form of PGC-1α (PGC-1α4) that results from alternative promoter usage and splicing of the primary transcript. PGC-1α4 is highly expressed in exercised muscle but does not regulate most known PGC-1α targets such as the mitochondrial OXPHOS genes. Rather, it specifically induces IGF1 and represses myostatin, and expression of PGC-1α4 in vitro and in vivo induces robust skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Importantly, mice with skeletal muscle-specific transgenic expression of PGC-1α4 show increased muscle mass and strength and dramatic resistance to the muscle wasting of cancer cachexia. Expression of PGC-1α4 is preferentially induced in mouse and human muscle during resistance exercise. These studies identify a PGC-1α protein that regulates and coordinates factors involved in skeletal muscle hypertrophy.",
author = "Ruas, {Jorge L.} and White, {James P.} and Rao, {Rajesh R.} and Sandra Kleiner and Brannan, {Kevin T.} and Harrison, {Brooke C.} and Greene, {Nicholas P.} and Jun Wu and Estall, {Jennifer L.} and Irving, {Brian A.} and Lanza, {Ian R.} and Rasbach, {Kyle A.} and Mitsuharu Okutsu and Nair, {K. Sreekumaran} and Zhen Yan and Leinwand, {Leslie A.} and Spiegelman, {Bruce M.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Drs. Srikripa Devarakonda and Sibylle J{\"a}ger for valuable discussions. ERRα and ERRγ KO myoblasts were a kind gift from Dr. Zhidan Wu (Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research). The MEF2C/Myogenin promoter cassette was kindly provided by Dr. Eric Olson (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center). LLC cells were kindly donated by Dr. Jose M. Garcia (Baylor College of Medicine). This project was supported by grants (DK061562) from the NIH and from Novartis to B.M.S. J.L.R. was supported in part by a grant from the Wenner-Gren Foundations, Sweden. This research was supported in part by grants to B.C.H. (NIH, 5K01AR55676-2), N.P.G. (NIH, T32HL07284), J.W. (AHA, 09POST2010078 and 12SDG8070003), B.A.I. (RR024151 and AG09531), Z.Y. (NIH, AR050429), and L.A.L. (NIH, GM29090). B.M.S. is a shareholder and consultant to Ember Therapeutics and has received funding in the form of sponsored research from Novartis, Inc. ",
year = "2012",
month = dec,
day = "7",
doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.050",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "151",
pages = "1319--1331",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "6",
}