TTP399: an investigational liver-selective glucokinase (GK) activator as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder defined by hyperglycemia which occurs because of impaired insulin secretion and sensitivity. There is an ongoing need to develop novel therapies that are effective and safe with minimal side effects and long-term durability. TTP399 is a hepatoselective, glucokinase activator with potential for treating type 2 diabetes. Areas covered: This is a review of the available data regarding the mechanism of action and the pharmacokinetics of TTP399. The efficacy and safety of the drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes will also be examined with an emphasis on the results of a randomized, controlled phase 2 study. Expert opinion: TTP399 could offer significant advantages over currently available therapies for type 2 diabetes. It successfully lowers glucose without side effects such as hypoglycemia, weight gain or dyslipidemia. Larger trials are required to understand long-term efficacy and safety of this medication in various patient populations and to elucidate its effect on the pathologic processes underpinning type 2 diabetes.