TY - JOUR
T1 - Treatment of pediatric obesity
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
AU - McGovern, Lauren
AU - Johnson, Jonathan N.
AU - Paulo, Remberto
AU - Hettinger, Allison
AU - Singhal, Vibha
AU - Kamath, Celia
AU - Erwin, Patricia J.
AU - Montori, Victor M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a contract from The Endocrine Society.
PY - 2008/12
Y1 - 2008/12
N2 - Context: The efficacy of treatments for pediatric obesity remains unclear. Objective: We performed a systematic review of randomized trials to estimate the efficacy of nonsurgical interventions for pediatric obesity. Data Sources: Librarian-designed search strategies of nine electronic databases from inception until February 2006, review of reference lists from published reviews, and content expert advice provided potentially eligible studies. Study Selection: Eligible studies were randomized trials of overweight children and adolescents assessing the effect of nonsurgical interventions on obesity outcomes. Data Extraction: Independently and in duplicate, reviewers assessed the quality of each trial and collected data on interventions and outcomes. Data Synthesis: Of 76 eligible trials, 61 had complete data for meta-analysis. Short-term medications were effective, including sibutramine [random-effects pooled estimate of body mass index (BMI) loss of 2.4 kg/m2 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.8-3.1; proportion of between-study inconsistency not due to chance (I2) = 30%] and orlistat (BMI loss = 0.7 kg/m 2; CI = 0.3-1.2; I2 = 0%). Trials that measured the effect of physical activity on adiposity (i.e. percent body fat and fat-free mass) found a moderate treatment effect (effect size = -0.52; CI = -0.73 to -0.30; I2 = 0%), whereas trials measuring the effect on BMI found no significant effect (effect size = -0.02; CI = -0.21 to 0.18; I2 = 0%), but reporting bias may explain this finding. Combined lifestyle interventions (24 trials) led to small changes in BMI. Conclusions: Limited evidence supports the short-term efficacy of medications and lifestyle interventions. The long-term efficacy and safety of pediatric obesity treatments remain unclear.
AB - Context: The efficacy of treatments for pediatric obesity remains unclear. Objective: We performed a systematic review of randomized trials to estimate the efficacy of nonsurgical interventions for pediatric obesity. Data Sources: Librarian-designed search strategies of nine electronic databases from inception until February 2006, review of reference lists from published reviews, and content expert advice provided potentially eligible studies. Study Selection: Eligible studies were randomized trials of overweight children and adolescents assessing the effect of nonsurgical interventions on obesity outcomes. Data Extraction: Independently and in duplicate, reviewers assessed the quality of each trial and collected data on interventions and outcomes. Data Synthesis: Of 76 eligible trials, 61 had complete data for meta-analysis. Short-term medications were effective, including sibutramine [random-effects pooled estimate of body mass index (BMI) loss of 2.4 kg/m2 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.8-3.1; proportion of between-study inconsistency not due to chance (I2) = 30%] and orlistat (BMI loss = 0.7 kg/m 2; CI = 0.3-1.2; I2 = 0%). Trials that measured the effect of physical activity on adiposity (i.e. percent body fat and fat-free mass) found a moderate treatment effect (effect size = -0.52; CI = -0.73 to -0.30; I2 = 0%), whereas trials measuring the effect on BMI found no significant effect (effect size = -0.02; CI = -0.21 to 0.18; I2 = 0%), but reporting bias may explain this finding. Combined lifestyle interventions (24 trials) led to small changes in BMI. Conclusions: Limited evidence supports the short-term efficacy of medications and lifestyle interventions. The long-term efficacy and safety of pediatric obesity treatments remain unclear.
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U2 - 10.1210/jc.2006-2409
DO - 10.1210/jc.2006-2409
M3 - Review article
C2 - 18782881
AN - SCOPUS:57349174466
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 93
SP - 4600
EP - 4605
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 12
ER -