TY - JOUR
T1 - Transient outward current (I to) gain-of-function mutations in the KCND3-encoded Kv4.3 potassium channel and Brugada syndrome
AU - Giudicessi, John R.
AU - Ye, Dan
AU - Tester, David J.
AU - Crotti, Lia
AU - Mugione, Alessandra
AU - Nesterenko, Vladislav V.
AU - Albertson, Richard M.
AU - Antzelevitch, Charles
AU - Schwartz, Peter J.
AU - Ackerman, Michael J.
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge support for this work from the Mayo Clinic Windland Smith Rice Comprehensive Sudden Cardiac Death Program (to M.J.A.), the Dr. Scholl Foundation (to R.M.A., M.J.A.), the Hannah Wernke Memorial Foundation (to M.J.A.), and the National Institutes of Health (R01-HD42569 to M.J.A., R01-HL47678 to C.A., and F30-HL106993 to J.R.G).
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a sudden death-predisposing genetic condition characterized electrocardiographically by ST segment elevation in the leads V 1-V 3. Given the prominent role of the transient outward current (I to) in BrS pathogenesis, we hypothesized that rare gain-of-function mutations in KCND3 may serve as a pathogenic substrate for BrS. Methods: Comprehensive mutational analysis of KCND3-encoded Kv4.3 (I to) was conducted using polymerase chain reaction, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography, and direct sequencing of DNA derived from 86 unrelated BrS1-8 genotype-negative BrS patients. DNA from 780 healthy individuals was examined to assess allelic frequency for nonsynonymous variants. Putative BrS-associated Kv4.3 mutations were engineered and coexpressed with wild-type KChIP2 in HEK293 cells. Wild-type and mutant I to ion currents were recorded using whole-cell patch clamp. Results: Two BrS1-8 genotype-negative cases possessed novel Kv4.3 missense mutations. Both Kv4.3-L450F and Kv4.3-G600R were absent in 1,560 reference alleles and involved residues highly conserved across species. Both Kv4.3-L450F and Kv4.3-G600R demonstrated a gain-of-function phenotype, increasing peak I to current density by 146.2% (n = 15, P <.05) and 50.4% (n = 15, P <.05), respectively. Simulations using a Luo-Rudy II action potential (AP) model demonstrated the stable loss of the AP dome as a result of the increased I to maximal conductance associated with the heterozygous expression of either L450F or G600R. Conclusions: These findings provide the first molecular and functional evidence implicating novel KCND3 gain-of-function mutations in the pathogenesis and phenotypic expression of BrS, with the potential for a lethal arrhythmia being precipitated by a genetically enhanced I to current gradient within the right ventricle where KCND3 expression is the highest.
AB - Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a sudden death-predisposing genetic condition characterized electrocardiographically by ST segment elevation in the leads V 1-V 3. Given the prominent role of the transient outward current (I to) in BrS pathogenesis, we hypothesized that rare gain-of-function mutations in KCND3 may serve as a pathogenic substrate for BrS. Methods: Comprehensive mutational analysis of KCND3-encoded Kv4.3 (I to) was conducted using polymerase chain reaction, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography, and direct sequencing of DNA derived from 86 unrelated BrS1-8 genotype-negative BrS patients. DNA from 780 healthy individuals was examined to assess allelic frequency for nonsynonymous variants. Putative BrS-associated Kv4.3 mutations were engineered and coexpressed with wild-type KChIP2 in HEK293 cells. Wild-type and mutant I to ion currents were recorded using whole-cell patch clamp. Results: Two BrS1-8 genotype-negative cases possessed novel Kv4.3 missense mutations. Both Kv4.3-L450F and Kv4.3-G600R were absent in 1,560 reference alleles and involved residues highly conserved across species. Both Kv4.3-L450F and Kv4.3-G600R demonstrated a gain-of-function phenotype, increasing peak I to current density by 146.2% (n = 15, P <.05) and 50.4% (n = 15, P <.05), respectively. Simulations using a Luo-Rudy II action potential (AP) model demonstrated the stable loss of the AP dome as a result of the increased I to maximal conductance associated with the heterozygous expression of either L450F or G600R. Conclusions: These findings provide the first molecular and functional evidence implicating novel KCND3 gain-of-function mutations in the pathogenesis and phenotypic expression of BrS, with the potential for a lethal arrhythmia being precipitated by a genetically enhanced I to current gradient within the right ventricle where KCND3 expression is the highest.
KW - Brugada syndrome
KW - Genetic diseases
KW - Ion channels
KW - Ito current
KW - J-wave syndromes
KW - Kv4.3 channels
KW - Sudden cardiac death
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79959921753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79959921753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.02.021
DO - 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.02.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 21349352
AN - SCOPUS:79959921753
SN - 1547-5271
VL - 8
SP - 1024
EP - 1032
JO - Heart rhythm
JF - Heart rhythm
IS - 7
ER -