TY - JOUR
T1 - The rising incidence of pediatric empyema with fistula
AU - Pandian, T. K.
AU - Aho, Johnathon M.
AU - Ubl, Daniel S.
AU - Moir, Christopher R.
AU - Ishitani, Michael B.
AU - Habermann, Elizabeth B.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. J.M. Aho’s contribution was made possible by NHLBI grant T32 HL105355 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - Purpose: The incidence and etiology of empyema with fistula (EWF) in children is unknown. We analyzed a national database to define the epidemiology and diagnoses associated with this condition. Methods: Discharge data from the Kids’ Inpatient Database were reviewed for EWF (ICD-9 diagnosis code 510.0) in children ≤18 years from 2000 to 2012. Patient characteristics, institutional data, and accompanying conditions were evaluated. Weighted national estimates were calculated and incidence compared across years (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009) using the Rao-Scott Chi Square. Results: From 2000 to 2012, 908 children were hospitalized with EWF. Age distribution was bimodal. Common primary diagnoses related to the hospitalization were pneumonia/pulmonary abscess (31.2 %) and EWF (19.3 %). Manipulation of the pleural space (e.g. decortication, drainage) comprised 45.0 % of procedures. Incidence rates of EWF increased (Rao Scott Adjusted Chi Square: 16.13, p < 0.01) over the study period. Although not statistically significant, median length of stay and age of diagnosis decreased and increased, respectively. Conclusion: This first, national pediatric EWF study reveals rising incidence during the years 2000–2009. Despite limitations in ICD-9 coding, concomitant primary diagnoses and procedures suggest bronchopleural fistulae likely represent the vast majority of cases in this cohort. Multi-institutional studies are needed to confirm etiology and characterize outcome of EWF.
AB - Purpose: The incidence and etiology of empyema with fistula (EWF) in children is unknown. We analyzed a national database to define the epidemiology and diagnoses associated with this condition. Methods: Discharge data from the Kids’ Inpatient Database were reviewed for EWF (ICD-9 diagnosis code 510.0) in children ≤18 years from 2000 to 2012. Patient characteristics, institutional data, and accompanying conditions were evaluated. Weighted national estimates were calculated and incidence compared across years (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009) using the Rao-Scott Chi Square. Results: From 2000 to 2012, 908 children were hospitalized with EWF. Age distribution was bimodal. Common primary diagnoses related to the hospitalization were pneumonia/pulmonary abscess (31.2 %) and EWF (19.3 %). Manipulation of the pleural space (e.g. decortication, drainage) comprised 45.0 % of procedures. Incidence rates of EWF increased (Rao Scott Adjusted Chi Square: 16.13, p < 0.01) over the study period. Although not statistically significant, median length of stay and age of diagnosis decreased and increased, respectively. Conclusion: This first, national pediatric EWF study reveals rising incidence during the years 2000–2009. Despite limitations in ICD-9 coding, concomitant primary diagnoses and procedures suggest bronchopleural fistulae likely represent the vast majority of cases in this cohort. Multi-institutional studies are needed to confirm etiology and characterize outcome of EWF.
KW - Bronchopleural fistula
KW - Empyema
KW - Empyema with fistula
KW - Pediatrics
KW - Pneumonia
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U2 - 10.1007/s00383-015-3834-5
DO - 10.1007/s00383-015-3834-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 26520654
AN - SCOPUS:84958935666
VL - 32
SP - 215
EP - 220
JO - Pediatric Surgery International
JF - Pediatric Surgery International
SN - 0179-0358
IS - 3
ER -