TY - JOUR
T1 - The psychometric validation of the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) in patients with bipolar disorder
AU - Arbuckle, Robert
AU - Frye, Mark A.
AU - Brecher, Martin
AU - Paulsson, Björn
AU - Rajagopalan, Kitty
AU - Palmer, Susan
AU - Degl' Innocenti, Alessio
PY - 2009/1/30
Y1 - 2009/1/30
N2 - Bipolar disorder (BD) adversely affects daily activities/functioning. The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) assesses disability in work/school activities, family relationships, and social functioning, and it evaluates the functional impact of psychiatric disorders. BD outpatients from 21 U.S. sites completed a battery of validated instruments (including the SDS) three times over 8-12 weeks. Instrument reliability (internal consistency, test-retest), validity (construct, convergent validity, known groups) and responsiveness were measured. There were missing data for the SDS in 2% of the 225 subjects with BD. One factor explained 82% of the variance. All SDS items had rotated factor loadings on the first factor > 0.90, confirming the appropriateness of the SDS total score. Item-scale correlations surpassed 0.40. There was excellent internal consistency reliability for the SDS total score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Test-retest reliability was acceptable for the SDS total score (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.73). Correlations with other instruments demonstrate convergent and divergent validity. The SDS total and item scores significantly discriminated between (self-rated) overall health status, clinician-rated functional status, and clinician-rated depression, evidencing known group validity. The SDS demonstrated ability to detect change over time. The SDS is a valid, reliable measure of disability and is responsive to change over time when used in subjects with BD.
AB - Bipolar disorder (BD) adversely affects daily activities/functioning. The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) assesses disability in work/school activities, family relationships, and social functioning, and it evaluates the functional impact of psychiatric disorders. BD outpatients from 21 U.S. sites completed a battery of validated instruments (including the SDS) three times over 8-12 weeks. Instrument reliability (internal consistency, test-retest), validity (construct, convergent validity, known groups) and responsiveness were measured. There were missing data for the SDS in 2% of the 225 subjects with BD. One factor explained 82% of the variance. All SDS items had rotated factor loadings on the first factor > 0.90, confirming the appropriateness of the SDS total score. Item-scale correlations surpassed 0.40. There was excellent internal consistency reliability for the SDS total score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Test-retest reliability was acceptable for the SDS total score (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.73). Correlations with other instruments demonstrate convergent and divergent validity. The SDS total and item scores significantly discriminated between (self-rated) overall health status, clinician-rated functional status, and clinician-rated depression, evidencing known group validity. The SDS demonstrated ability to detect change over time. The SDS is a valid, reliable measure of disability and is responsive to change over time when used in subjects with BD.
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Disability
KW - Functioning
KW - Patient-reported outcome
KW - Sheehan Disability Scale
KW - Validation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.018
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 19042030
AN - SCOPUS:57649195033
VL - 165
SP - 163
EP - 174
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
SN - 0165-1781
IS - 1-2
ER -