TY - JOUR
T1 - The power of proficiency testing
T2 - Unraveling single-nucleotide polymorphism interference, with potential impact on clinical testing of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
AU - Ida, Cristiane M.
AU - Lundquist, Patrick A.
AU - Weck, Karen
AU - Highsmith, W. Edward
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 College of American Pathologists. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Context.-The College of American Pathologists proficiency testing program has been instrumental in identifying problems in clinical testing. Objective.-To describe how this program was used to identify a single-nucleotide polymorphism that affects clinical testing for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Design.-A proficiency testing sample with discordant results for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 analysis was further evaluated by targeted Sanger sequencing and genotype polymerase chain reaction using multiple DNA polymerases. Results.-Of 28 laboratories responding in the spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 Proficiency Survey, 18 reported an incorrect homozygous result and 10 reported the expected heterozygous result. A heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphism complementary to the 30 end of a published forward primer was identified in the proficiency testing sample, which may have led to allele dropout. However, this primer was used by only 3 of 18 laboratories (16%) reporting a homozygous result. A new forward primer of identical sequence, except for the 3 0 end being complementary to the single-nucleotide polymorphism, showed the expected heterozygous pattern. The possibility of DNA polymerase 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease activity contributing to allele dropout was investigated by testing 9 additional polymerases with and without exonuclease activity. No clear pattern emerged, but enzymes with and without 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease activity yielded both homozygous and expected heterozygous results with the published forward primer. Conclusions.-Proactive systematic primer sequence checking is recommended because single-nucleotide polymorphism interference may result in allele dropout and impact clinical testing. Allele dropout is also influenced by other factors, including DNA polymerase exonuclease activity.
AB - Context.-The College of American Pathologists proficiency testing program has been instrumental in identifying problems in clinical testing. Objective.-To describe how this program was used to identify a single-nucleotide polymorphism that affects clinical testing for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Design.-A proficiency testing sample with discordant results for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 analysis was further evaluated by targeted Sanger sequencing and genotype polymerase chain reaction using multiple DNA polymerases. Results.-Of 28 laboratories responding in the spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 Proficiency Survey, 18 reported an incorrect homozygous result and 10 reported the expected heterozygous result. A heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphism complementary to the 30 end of a published forward primer was identified in the proficiency testing sample, which may have led to allele dropout. However, this primer was used by only 3 of 18 laboratories (16%) reporting a homozygous result. A new forward primer of identical sequence, except for the 3 0 end being complementary to the single-nucleotide polymorphism, showed the expected heterozygous pattern. The possibility of DNA polymerase 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease activity contributing to allele dropout was investigated by testing 9 additional polymerases with and without exonuclease activity. No clear pattern emerged, but enzymes with and without 3 0 -5 0 exonuclease activity yielded both homozygous and expected heterozygous results with the published forward primer. Conclusions.-Proactive systematic primer sequence checking is recommended because single-nucleotide polymorphism interference may result in allele dropout and impact clinical testing. Allele dropout is also influenced by other factors, including DNA polymerase exonuclease activity.
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U2 - 10.5858/arpa.2017-0566-OA
DO - 10.5858/arpa.2017-0566-OA
M3 - Article
C2 - 30383393
AN - SCOPUS:85062273446
SN - 0003-9985
VL - 143
SP - 349
EP - 355
JO - Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JF - Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
IS - 3
ER -