@article{c1dac1177c744e01969c6ca3db8cad12,
title = "The Pharmacogenomics Research Network Translational Pharmacogenetics Program: Outcomes and Metrics of Pharmacogenetic Implementations Across Diverse Healthcare Systems",
abstract = "Numerous pharmacogenetic clinical guidelines and recommendations have been published, but barriers have hindered the clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics. The Translational Pharmacogenetics Program (TPP) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Pharmacogenomics Research Network was established in 2011 to catalog and contribute to the development of pharmacogenetic implementations at eight US healthcare systems, with the goal to disseminate real-world solutions for the barriers to clinical pharmacogenetic implementation. The TPP collected and normalized pharmacogenetic implementation metrics through June 2015, including gene–drug pairs implemented, interpretations of alleles and diplotypes, numbers of tests performed and actionable results, and workflow diagrams. TPP participant institutions developed diverse solutions to overcome many barriers, but the use of Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines provided some consistency among the institutions. The TPP also collected some pharmacogenetic implementation outcomes (scientific, educational, financial, and informatics), which may inform healthcare systems seeking to implement their own pharmacogenetic testing programs.",
author = "{for the Pharmacogenomics Research Network Translational Pharmacogenetics Program} and Luzum, {J. A.} and Pakyz, {R. E.} and Elsey, {A. R.} and Haidar, {C. E.} and Peterson, {J. F.} and M. Whirl-Carrillo and Handelman, {S. K.} and K. Palmer and Pulley, {J. M.} and M. Beller and Schildcrout, {J. S.} and Field, {J. R.} and Weitzel, {K. W.} and Cooper-DeHoff, {R. M.} and Cavallari, {L. H.} and O'Donnell, {P. H.} and Altman, {R. B.} and N. Pereira and Ratain, {M. J.} and Roden, {D. M.} and Embi, {P. J.} and W. Sadee and Klein, {T. E.} and Johnson, {J. A.} and Relling, {M. V.} and L. Wang and Weinshilboum, {R. M.} and Shuldiner, {A. R.} and Freimuth, {R. R.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants U01 HL105198 (A.R.S.), U01 GM92666 and R24 GM115264 (M.V.R. and C.E.H.), U01 HL105198 and P50 GM115279 (M.V.R.), GM61374 (T.E.K., R.B.A. and M.W.C.), U01 GM92655 (W.S.), U19 HL065962 (D.M.R.), RO1 GM28157 and U19 GM61388 (R.M.W., L.W.), KL2 RR024151 (N.L.P.), U01 GM074492 and U01 HG007269, UL1 TR 000064, UL1 TR001427 (J.A.J.), and U19 GM61388 (R.R.F.), NIH/National Cancer Institute grant CA 21765 (M.V.R.), and by American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (M.V.R.). J.A.L. was supported by a Post-Doctoral Fellowship from the American Heart Association (14POST20100054) and the NIH student loan repayment program (L30 HL110279). Full list of authors in the Translational Pharmacogenetics Program Group: Pharmacogenomics of Anti-Platelet Intervention (PAPI) Study: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Alan R. Shuldiner, Mark Vesely, Shawn W. Robinson, Nicholas Ambulos Jr., Sanford A. Stass, Mark D. Kelemen, Lawrence A. Brown, Toni I. Pollin, Amber L. Beitelshees, Richard Y. Zhao, Ruth E. Pakyz, Kathleen Palmer, Tameka Alestock, Courtney O'Neill, Kristin Maloney, Amie Branham, Danielle Sewell, and Linda Jo Bone Jeng; Pharmacogenetics of Anticancer Agents Research in Children (PAAR4Kids): PG4KDS Protocol: Clinical Implementation of pharmacogenetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA: Mary V. Relling, Kristine Crews, James Hoffman, Cyrine Haidar, Donald Baker, Fran Greeson, Aditya Gaur, Ulrike Reiss, Alicia Huettel, Cheng Cheng, Amar Gajjar, Alberto Pappo, Melissa Hudson, Ching-Hon Pui, Sima Jeha, and William E. Evans; Medical College of Wisconsin: Ulrich Broeckel; The Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA: Russ B. Altman, Li Gong, Michelle Whirl-Carrillo, and Teri E. Klein; Expression Genetics in Drug Therapy (XGEN), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA: Wolfgang Sadee, Kandamurugu Manickam, Kevin M. Sweet, Peter J. Embi, Jeremy Harper, Samuel Handelman, and Jasmine A. Luzum; Pharmacogenomics of Arrhythmia Therapy (PAT), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA: Dan Roden, Josh Peterson, Josh Denny, Jonathan Schildcrout, Erica Bowton, Jill Pulley, Marc Beller, Jennifer Mitchell, Ioana Danciu, Julie Field, and Lisa Price; Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Drug Metabolizing Enzymes (PPII), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA: Naveen L. Pereira, Richard Weinshilboum, and Liewei Wang; Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA: Julie A. Johnson, David Nelson, Michael Clare-Salzler, Amanda Elsey, Benjamin Burkley, Taimour Langaee, Felix Liu, David Nessl, Hui-Jia Dong, Larry Lesko, Jenny Ashton, and Ben Staley; Pharmacogenomics Ontology (PHONT), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA: Robert R. Freimuth and Christopher G. Chute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, The American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1002/cpt.630",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "102",
pages = "502--510",
journal = "Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics",
issn = "0009-9236",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "3",
}