The impact of Post-Transplant doxycycline in AL amyloidosis–updated results after Long-Term follow up

Nadine Abdallah, Angela Dispenzieri, Eli Muchtar, Francis K. Buadi, Prashant Kapoor, Martha Q. Lacy, Yi L. Hwa, Amie Fonder, Miriam A. Hobbs, Suzanne R. Hayman, Nelson Leung, David Dingli, Ronald S. Go, Yi Lin, Wilson I. Gonsalves, Moritz Binder, Taxiarchis Kourelis, Rahma Warsame, Robert A. Kyle, S. Vincent RajkumarMorie A. Gertz, Shaji K. Kumar

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Introduction: The current treatment paradigm of AL amyloidosis lacks effective fibril-directed therapies. Doxycycline has been shown to have anti-fibril properties in preclinical models. In 2012, we reported that posttransplant prophylaxis with doxycycline was associated with improved survival compared to penicillin in patients with haematologic response. We provide here updated results after long-term follow up. Methods: We included 553 patients who underwent transplant between July 24th, 1996, and June 24th, 2014. Doxycycline 100 mg daily was used for prophylaxis in patients with penicillin allergy; since 2013, doxycycline was used as the standard for prophylaxis. Prophylaxis was typically continued for a year after transplant. Results: The median follow-up from transplant was 12.7 years. Doxycycline was used for prophylaxis in 33% of patients; the rest received penicillin. The median time to next treatment was 6.0 (95%CI; 4.4–8.8) years and 6.0 (95%CI; 4.9–7.1) years in the doxycycline and penicillin groups, respectively (p =.89). The median overall survival was 12.0 (95%CI: 11.0–19.6) years and 11.0 (95%CI: 9.6–12.7) years in the 2 groups, respectively (p =.17). There was a minimal trend towards improved survival with doxycycline among patients with ≥ very good partial response and among patients with organ response that was not statistically significant. Conclusion: After long-term follow-up, there is no clear evidence to support benefit of doxycycline in the post-transplant setting.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)261-267
Number of pages7
JournalAmyloid
Volume30
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2023

Keywords

  • Amyloidosis
  • autologous stem cell transplant
  • doxycycline
  • penicillin
  • prophylaxis
  • survival

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine

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