The brain-machine interface: Nanotechniques for improving brain electrochemical monitoring and modulating

R. Andrews, K. Bennet, S. Y. Chang, J. Koehne, K. Lee, M. Marsh, M. Meyyappan, E. Rand

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

Abstract

Present neuromodulation (e.g. deep brain stimulation-DBS) has inefficient charge transfer from electrode to brain tissue, and lacks both neurotransmitter monitoring and feedback-guided stimulation. Six 50 × 20 μm carbon nano-fiber (CNF) "pads" on an electrode 1/10 the diameter of a DBS electrode can either stimulate or record electrical activity or monitor a neurotransmitter level. Novel fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) methods allow continuous recording of two neurotransmitters. Conducting polymers on CNF electrodes reduce impedance and increase capacitance orders of magnitude above platinum electrodes. CNF electrodes detect concentration changes in either of two neurotransmitters, e.g. dopamine and serotonin, in ascorbic acid (ubiquitous in brain), unlike standard FSCV electrodes. A Bluetooth wireless system allows remote monitoring of both electrical and chemical brain activity with precise spatial-temporal resolution, increasing understanding of brain function - both normal and disordered.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationAdvanced Materials - TechConnect Briefs 2016
EditorsFiona Case, Matthew Laudon, Fiona Case, Bart Romanowicz, Bart Romanowicz
PublisherTechConnect
Pages61-64
Number of pages4
ISBN (Electronic)9780997511703
StatePublished - 2016
Event10th Annual TechConnect World Innovation Conference and Expo, Held Jointly with the 19th Annual Nanotech Conference and Expo, and the 2016 National SBIR/STTR Conference - Washington, United States
Duration: May 22 2016May 25 2016

Publication series

NameAdvanced Materials - TechConnect Briefs 2016
Volume1

Other

Other10th Annual TechConnect World Innovation Conference and Expo, Held Jointly with the 19th Annual Nanotech Conference and Expo, and the 2016 National SBIR/STTR Conference
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityWashington
Period5/22/165/25/16

Keywords

  • Brain-machine interface
  • Deep brain stimulation
  • Nanoelectrodes
  • Neuromodulation
  • Neurotransmitters

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
  • Biotechnology
  • Surfaces, Coatings and Films
  • Fuel Technology

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