The biology of the sodium iodide symporter and its potential for targeted gene delivery

M. Hingorani, C. Spitzweg, G. Vassaux, K. Newbold, A. Melcher, H. Pandha, R. Vile, K. Harrington

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

96 Scopus citations

Abstract

The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is responsible for thyroidal, salivary, gastric, intestinal and mammary iodide uptake. It was first cloned from the rat in 1996 and shortly thereafter from human and mouse tissue. In the intervening years, we have learned a great deal about the biology of NIS. Detailed knowledge of its genomic structure, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation and pharmacological modulation has underpinned the selection of NIS as an exciting approach for targeted gene delivery. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the potential of using NIS gene therapy as a means of delivering highly conformal radiation doses selectively to tumours. This strategy is particularly attractive because it can be used with both diagnostic (99mTc, 125I, 124I) and therapeutic ( 131I, 186Re, 188Re, 211At) radioisotopes and it lends itself to incorporation with standard treatment modalities, such as radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. In this article, we review the biology of NIS and discuss its development for gene therapy.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)242-267
Number of pages26
JournalCurrent Cancer Drug Targets
Volume10
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2010

Keywords

  • Adenovirus
  • Gene therapy
  • Measles virus
  • Radioiodide
  • Radiotherapy
  • Sodium iodide symporter

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Cancer Research

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