TY - JOUR
T1 - Targeting CD38 is lethal to Breg-like chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and Tregs, but restores CD81 T-cell responses
AU - Manna, Alak
AU - Kellett, Timothy
AU - Aulakh, Sonikpreet
AU - Lewis-Tuffin, Laura J.
AU - Dutta, Navnita
AU - Knutson, Keith
AU - Chini, Eduardo
AU - Pinilla-Ibarz, Javier
AU - Lamanna, Nicole
AU - Manochakian, Rami
AU - Malavasi, Fabio
AU - Sher, Taimur
AU - Chanan-Khan, Asher A.
AU - Ailawadhi, Sikander
AU - Paulus, Aneel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by The American Society of Hematology
PY - 2020/5/26
Y1 - 2020/5/26
N2 - Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are characterized by monoclonal expansion of CD51CD231CD271CD191k/l1 B lymphocytes and are clinically noted to have profound immune suppression. In these patients, it has been recently shown that a subset of B cells possesses regulatory functions and secretes high levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10). Our investigation identified that CLL cells with a CD191CD241CD38hi immunophenotype (B regulatory cell [Breg]-like CLL cells) produce high amounts of IL-10 and transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) and are capable of transforming naive T helper cells into CD41 CD251FoxP31 T regulatory cells (Tregs) in an IL-10/TGF-b-dependent manner. A strong correlation between the percentage of CD381 CLL cells and Tregs was observed. CD38hi Tregs comprised more than 50% of Tregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with CLL. Anti-CD38 targeting agents resulted in lethality of both Breg-like CLL and Treg cells via apoptosis. Ex vivo, use of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy was associated with a reduction in IL-10 and CLL patient-derived Tregs, but an increase in interferon-g and proliferation of cytotoxic CD81 T cells with an activated phenotype, which showed an improved ability to lyse patient-autologous CLL cells. Finally, effects of anti-CD38 mAb therapy were validated in a CLL-patient-derived xenograft model in vivo, which showed decreased percentage of Bregs, Tregs, and PD11CD38hiCD81 T cells, but increased Th17 and CD81 T cells (vs vehicle). Altogether, our results demonstrate that targeting CD38 in CLL can modulate the tumor microenvironment; skewing T-cell populations from an immunosuppressive to immune-reactive milieu, thus promoting immune reconstitution for enhanced anti-CLL response.
AB - Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are characterized by monoclonal expansion of CD51CD231CD271CD191k/l1 B lymphocytes and are clinically noted to have profound immune suppression. In these patients, it has been recently shown that a subset of B cells possesses regulatory functions and secretes high levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10). Our investigation identified that CLL cells with a CD191CD241CD38hi immunophenotype (B regulatory cell [Breg]-like CLL cells) produce high amounts of IL-10 and transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) and are capable of transforming naive T helper cells into CD41 CD251FoxP31 T regulatory cells (Tregs) in an IL-10/TGF-b-dependent manner. A strong correlation between the percentage of CD381 CLL cells and Tregs was observed. CD38hi Tregs comprised more than 50% of Tregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with CLL. Anti-CD38 targeting agents resulted in lethality of both Breg-like CLL and Treg cells via apoptosis. Ex vivo, use of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy was associated with a reduction in IL-10 and CLL patient-derived Tregs, but an increase in interferon-g and proliferation of cytotoxic CD81 T cells with an activated phenotype, which showed an improved ability to lyse patient-autologous CLL cells. Finally, effects of anti-CD38 mAb therapy were validated in a CLL-patient-derived xenograft model in vivo, which showed decreased percentage of Bregs, Tregs, and PD11CD38hiCD81 T cells, but increased Th17 and CD81 T cells (vs vehicle). Altogether, our results demonstrate that targeting CD38 in CLL can modulate the tumor microenvironment; skewing T-cell populations from an immunosuppressive to immune-reactive milieu, thus promoting immune reconstitution for enhanced anti-CLL response.
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U2 - 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001091
DO - 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001091
M3 - Article
C2 - 32421811
AN - SCOPUS:85086870314
SN - 2473-9529
VL - 4
SP - 2143
EP - 2157
JO - Blood Advances
JF - Blood Advances
IS - 10
ER -