TY - JOUR
T1 - Systems approach to neurodegenerative disease biomarker discovery
AU - Lausted, Christopher
AU - Lee, Inyoul
AU - Zhou, Yong
AU - Qin, Shizhen
AU - Sung, Jaeyun
AU - Price, Nathan D.
AU - Hood, Leroy
AU - Wang, Kai
PY - 2014/1
Y1 - 2014/1
N2 - Biomarkers are essential for performing early diagnosis, monitoring neurodegenerative disease progression, gauging responses to therapies, and stratifying neurodegenerative diseases into their different subtypes. A wide range of molecular markers are under investigation in tissues and biofluids as well as through imaging; moreover, many are prominent proteins present in cerebrospinal fluid. However, in more frequently and easily collected fluids such as plasma, these proteins show only a modest correlation with disease and thus lack the necessary sensitivity or specificity for clinical use. High-throughput and quantitative proteomic technologies and systems-driven approaches to biofluid analysis are now being utilized in the search for better biomarkers. Biomarker discovery involves many critical steps including study design, sample preparation, protein and peptide separation and identification, and bioinformatics and data integration issues that must be carefully controlled before independent confirmation and validation. In this review, we summarize current proteomic and nucleic acid technologies involved in the discovery of biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and prion diseases.
AB - Biomarkers are essential for performing early diagnosis, monitoring neurodegenerative disease progression, gauging responses to therapies, and stratifying neurodegenerative diseases into their different subtypes. A wide range of molecular markers are under investigation in tissues and biofluids as well as through imaging; moreover, many are prominent proteins present in cerebrospinal fluid. However, in more frequently and easily collected fluids such as plasma, these proteins show only a modest correlation with disease and thus lack the necessary sensitivity or specificity for clinical use. High-throughput and quantitative proteomic technologies and systems-driven approaches to biofluid analysis are now being utilized in the search for better biomarkers. Biomarker discovery involves many critical steps including study design, sample preparation, protein and peptide separation and identification, and bioinformatics and data integration issues that must be carefully controlled before independent confirmation and validation. In this review, we summarize current proteomic and nucleic acid technologies involved in the discovery of biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and prion diseases.
KW - Animal models
KW - MicroRNA
KW - Next-generation sequencing
KW - Proteomics
KW - Selected reaction monitoring
KW - Systems biology
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-135928
DO - 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-135928
M3 - Review article
C2 - 24160693
AN - SCOPUS:84891873084
SN - 0362-1642
VL - 54
SP - 457
EP - 481
JO - Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
JF - Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
ER -