Symptom profiles in children with ADHD: Effects of comorbidity and gender

Jeffrey H. Newcorn; Jeffrey M. Halperin; Peter S. Jensen; Howard B. Abikoff; L. Eugene Arnold; Dennis P. Cantwell; C. Keith Conners; Glen R. Elliott; Jeffrey N. Epstein; Laurence L. Greenhill; Lily Hechtman; Stephen P. Hinshaw; Betsy Hoza; Helena C. Kraemer; William E. Pelham; Joanne B. Severe; James M. Swanson; Karen C. Wells; Timothy Wigal; Benedetto Vitiello

doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00008

Symptom profiles in children with ADHD: Effects of comorbidity and gender

Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Jeffrey M. Halperin, Peter S. Jensen, Howard B. Abikoff, L. Eugene Arnold, Dennis P. Cantwell, C. Keith Conners, Glen R. Elliott, Jeffrey N. Epstein, Laurence L. Greenhill, Lily Hechtman, Stephen P. Hinshaw, Betsy Hoza, Helena C. Kraemer, William E. Pelham, Joanne B. Severe, James M. Swanson, Karen C. Wells, Timothy Wigal, Benedetto Vitiello

Psychiatry and Psychology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

287 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To examine ratings and objective measures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms to assess whether ADHD children with add without comorbid conditions have equally high levels of core symptoms and whether symptom profiles differ as a function of comorbidity and gender. Method: Four hundred ninety-eight children from the NIMH Collaborative Multisite Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) were divided into comorbid groups based on the parent Diagnostic Interview Schedule for. Children and assessed via parents' and teachers' Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) ratings and a continuous performance test (CPT). Comorbidity and gender effects were examined using analyses of covariance controlled for age and site. Results: CPT inattention, impulsivity, and dyscontrol errors were high in all ADHD groups. Children with ADHD + oppositional defiant or conduct disorder were rated as more impulsive than inattentive, while children with ADHD + anxiety disorders (ANX) were relatively more inattentive than impulsive. Girls were less impaired than boys on most ratings and several CPT indices, particularly impulsivity, and girls with ADHD + ANX made fewer CPT impulsivity errors than girls with ADHD-only. Conclusions: Children with ADHD have high levels of core symptoms as measured by rating scales and CPT, irrespective of comorbidity. However, there are important differences in symptomatology as a function of comorbidity and gender.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	137-146
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume	40
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200102000-00008
State	Published - 2001

Keywords

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Comorbidity
Gender
Impulsivity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Developmental and Educational Psychology
Psychiatry and Mental health

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10.1097/00004583-200102000-00008

Cite this

Newcorn, J. H., Halperin, J. M., Jensen, P. S., Abikoff, H. B., Arnold, L. E., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., Epstein, J. N., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L., Hinshaw, S. P., Hoza, B., Kraemer, H. C., Pelham, W. E., Severe, J. B., Swanson, J. M., Wells, K. C., Wigal, T., & Vitiello, B. (2001). Symptom profiles in children with ADHD: Effects of comorbidity and gender. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(2), 137-146. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200102000-00008

Newcorn, JH, Halperin, JM, Jensen, PS, Abikoff, HB, Arnold, LE, Cantwell, DP, Conners, CK, Elliott, GR, Epstein, JN, Greenhill, LL, Hechtman, L, Hinshaw, SP, Hoza, B, Kraemer, HC, Pelham, WE, Severe, JB, Swanson, JM, Wells, KC, Wigal, T & Vitiello, B 2001, 'Symptom profiles in children with ADHD: Effects of comorbidity and gender', Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 137-146. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200102000-00008

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abstract = "Objective: To examine ratings and objective measures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms to assess whether ADHD children with add without comorbid conditions have equally high levels of core symptoms and whether symptom profiles differ as a function of comorbidity and gender. Method: Four hundred ninety-eight children from the NIMH Collaborative Multisite Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) were divided into comorbid groups based on the parent Diagnostic Interview Schedule for. Children and assessed via parents' and teachers' Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) ratings and a continuous performance test (CPT). Comorbidity and gender effects were examined using analyses of covariance controlled for age and site. Results: CPT inattention, impulsivity, and dyscontrol errors were high in all ADHD groups. Children with ADHD + oppositional defiant or conduct disorder were rated as more impulsive than inattentive, while children with ADHD + anxiety disorders (ANX) were relatively more inattentive than impulsive. Girls were less impaired than boys on most ratings and several CPT indices, particularly impulsivity, and girls with ADHD + ANX made fewer CPT impulsivity errors than girls with ADHD-only. Conclusions: Children with ADHD have high levels of core symptoms as measured by rating scales and CPT, irrespective of comorbidity. However, there are important differences in symptomatology as a function of comorbidity and gender.",

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AU - Abikoff, Howard B.

AU - Arnold, L. Eugene

AU - Cantwell, Dennis P.

AU - Conners, C. Keith

AU - Elliott, Glen R.

AU - Epstein, Jeffrey N.

AU - Greenhill, Laurence L.

AU - Hechtman, Lily

AU - Hinshaw, Stephen P.

AU - Hoza, Betsy

AU - Kraemer, Helena C.

AU - Pelham, William E.

AU - Severe, Joanne B.

AU - Swanson, James M.

AU - Wells, Karen C.

AU - Wigal, Timothy

AU - Vitiello, Benedetto

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Symptom profiles in children with ADHD: Effects of comorbidity and gender

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