Surgical outcome and predictive factors in adult patients with intractable epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia

Objectives - To determine the surgical outcome and prognostic factors in adult patients with intractable epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Materials and methods - We retrospectively studied the operative outcome in 21 consecutive adult patients with FCD who underwent surgical treatment for intractable partial epilepsy. Results - The mean age at surgery was 32.7 years (range, 18-58 years). The median post-operative follow-up was 2.5 years. The FCD was extratemporal in 11 patients, involved the temporal lobe in 10 patients, and was multilobar in eight patients. Eleven patients (52%) were rendered seizure-free, four patients (19%) had >95% reduction in seizures, and two patients (10%) had an 80-94% reduction in seizures. A seizure-free outcome was associated with shorter duration of epilepsy (P = 0.02). Conclusion - Adult patients with FCD may be candidates for surgical treatment of intractable partial epilepsy. Most individuals have neocortical, extrahippocampal seizures and approximately 50% of patients are rendered seizure-free.