Stimulation of human fat cell adenylate cyclase by GDP and guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate)

C. R. Schneyer, M. A. Pineyro, J. L. Kirkland, R. I. Gregerman

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

GDP regulation of basal and receptor-mediated catecholamine-sensitive human fat cell adenylate cyclase was studied using purified plasma membrane preparations and assay conditions selected to minimize conversion of GDP to GTP. Under ordinary assay conditions (low NaCl concentration) and with App(NH)p as substrate to prevent GDP conversion to GTP, basal enzyme activity was stimulated up to 2-fold by GDP (0.1 mM) while addition of epinephrine (0.1 mM) eliminated stimulation by GDP and reduced basal adenylate cyclase activity. With ATP as substrate, the enzyme was not responsive to hormone in the absence of guanyl nucleotides and GDP augmentation of basal activity was small (0-1.5-fold) while stimulatory effects of epinephrine and isoproterenol were minimally but definitely exhibited (1.5-fold over basal). Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDPβS), a GDP analog resistant to phosphorylation and hydrolysis and an antagonist of GTP, stimulated enzyme activity more than did GDP but did not promote epinephrine action. Rather, inhibition of GDPβS-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was seen with both epinephrine and isoproterenol and also with GTP. In the presence of NaCl (200 mM), which alone produced 2-3-fold increase in basal enzyme activity, GDP (0.1 mM) and GDPβS (50 μM) produced 8- and 15-fold increases of activity, respectively. Addition of UDP, to prevent possible conversion of GDP to GTP, had no effect on NaCl-enhanced activation by GDP. The results indicate that the human fat cell adenylate cyclase system is unique in responding to GDP and its analog GDPβS by stimulation in the absence of hormone but suggest that as in other systems catecholamine-mediated stimulation is normally dependent on GTP. Salts (Na+) appear to stimulate the enzyme by facilitating the interaction of the guanyl nucleotide regulatory protein (N(s)) with the catalytic unit. 8-Aug-84 16:37

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)7038-7044
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry
Volume259
Issue number11
StatePublished - 1984

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

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