@article{63d266d00d504c1ba97f455a525ff5ad,
title = "Splanchnic nerve modulation in heart failure: mechanistic overview, initial clinical experience, and safety considerations",
abstract = "Volume recruitment from the splanchnic compartment is an important physiological response to stressors such as physical activity and blood loss. In the setting of heart failure (HF), excess fluid redistribution from this compartment leads to increased cardiac filling pressures with limitation in exercise capacity. Recent evidence suggests that blocking neural activity of the greater splanchnic nerve (GSN) could have significant benefits in some patients with HF by reducing cardiac filling pressures and improving exercise capacity. However, to date the long-term safety of splanchnic nerve modulation (SNM) in the setting of HF is unknown. SNM is currently used in clinical practice to alleviate some forms of chronic abdominal pain. A systematic review of the series where permanent SNM was used as a treatment for chronic abdominal pain indicates that permanent SNM is well tolerated, with side-effects limited to transient diarrhoea or abdominal colic and transient hypotension. The pathophysiological role of the GSN in volume redistribution, the encouraging findings of acute and chronic pilot SNM studies and the safety profile from permanent SNM for pain provides a strong basis for continued efforts to study this therapeutic target in HF.",
keywords = "Adverse effects, Splanchnic vasoconstriction, Sympathetic nervous system",
author = "Marat Fudim and Ponikowski, {Piotr P.} and Daniel Burkhoff and Dunlap, {Mark E.} and Sobotka, {Paul A.} and Jeroen Molinger and Patel, {Manesh R.} and Felker, {G. Michael} and Hernandez, {Adrian F.} and Litwin, {Sheldon E.} and Borlaug, {Barry A.} and Anisha Bapna and Horst Sievert and Reddy, {Vivek Y.} and Engelman, {Zoar J.} and Shah, {Sanjiv J.}",
note = "Funding Information: : M.F. is supported by an American Heart Association grant, 17MCPRP33460225, NIH T32 grant 5T32HL007101, NIH K23 grant NHLBI K23HL151744, Bayer, Mario Family Award, Translating Duke Health Award; consulting fees from Axon Therapies, Daxor, NXT Biomedical. Sievert: 4tech Cardio, Abbott, Ablative Solutions, Ancora Heart, Append Medical, Axon, Bavaria Medizin Technologie GmbH, Bioventrix, Boston Scientific, Carag, Cardiac Dimensions, Cardiac Success, Cardimed, Celonova, Contego, Croivalve, CVRx, Dinova, Edwards, Endobar, Endologix, Endomatic, Hangzhou Nuomao Medtech, Holistick Medical, Intershunt, K2, Lifetech, Magenta, Maquet Getinge Group, Medtronic, Metavention, Mitralix, Mokita, NXT Biomedical, Occlutech, Recor, Renal Guard, Terumo, Trisol, Vascular Dynamics, Vectorious Medtech, Venus, Venock, Vivasure Medical, Vvital Biomed. P.P. reports research funding from Vifor Pharma and serving as consultant for Vifor Pharma, Amgen, Abbott, Servier, Novartis, Berlin Chemie, Bayer, Pfizer, Cibiem, Coridea, Impulse Dynamics, Renal Guard Solutions. V.Y.R. is a consultant and received equity from Axon Therapies; he also has conflicts with other companies not related to this manuscript: consultant for Abbott, Biosense‐Webster, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Cardiofocus, Cardionomic, CardioNXT/AFTx, EBR, Impulse Dynamics, Medtronic, Philips, Pulse Biosciences, Stimda, Thermedical; consultant for and equity from Ablacon, Acutus Medical, Affera, Apama Medical, Aquaheart, Atacor, Autonomix, Backbeat, BioSig, Circa Scientific, Corvia Medical, Dinova‐Hangzhou Nuomao Medtech Co, Ltd, East End Medical, EPD, Epix Therapeutics, EpiEP, Eximo, Farapulse, Fire1, Intershunt, Javelin, Kardium, Keystone Heart, LuxMed, Medlumics, Middlepeak, Nuvera, Sirona Medical, Valcare; equity from Manual Surgical Sciences, Newpace, Surecor, Vizaramed. Z.J.E. is an employee of Axon Therapies. S.J.S. consults for AxonTherapies. Conflict of interest Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 European Society of Cardiology.",
year = "2021",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1002/ejhf.2196",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "23",
pages = "1076--1084",
journal = "European Journal of Heart Failure",
issn = "1388-9842",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "7",
}