TY - JOUR
T1 - Social capital in pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms
T2 - A prospective mother-child cohort study (the Rhea study)
AU - Kritsotakis, George
AU - Vassilaki, Maria
AU - Melaki, Vasiliki
AU - Georgiou, Vaggelis
AU - Philalithis, Anastassios E.
AU - Bitsios, Panos
AU - Kogevinas, Manolis
AU - Chatzi, Leda
AU - Koutis, Antonis
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partly supported by the European Union Integrated Project NewGeneris, 6th Framework Program (contract FOOD-CT-2005-016320), and by the European Union-funded project HiWATE, 6th Framework Program (contract FOOD-CT-2006-036224). Funders had no role in the conduct of the research.
Copyright:
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Background: Depression, and to a lesser extent postpartum depressive symptoms, have been associated with characteristics of the social environment and social capital. Up to the present, mostly cross-sectional studies have explored such an association without providing a clear temporal relationship between social capital and depression. Objectives: To estimate prospectively the effect of individual-level self-reported maternal social capital during pregnancy on postpartum depressive symptoms. Design: Prospective mother-child cohort (Rhea study). Settings: 4 prenatal clinics in Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Participants: All women for one year beginning in February 2007. From the 1388 participants, complete data were available for 356 women. Methods: Women self-completed two questionnaires: The Social Capital Questionnaire at about the 24th week of gestation and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (range 0-30) at about the 8-10th week postpartum. Maternal social capital scores were categorized into three groups: the upper 10% was the high social capital group, the middle 80% was the medium and the lowest 10% was the low social capital group that served as the reference category. Multivariable log-binomial and linear regression models were performed for: the whole available sample; for participants with a history of depression and/or prenatal EPDS. ≥. 13; for participants without any previous or current depression and prenatal EPDS score. <. 13. Potential confounders included demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and pregnancy characteristics that have an established or potential association with maternal social capital in pregnancy or postpartum depressive symptoms or both. Results: Higher maternal social capital was associated with lower EPDS scores (highest vs lowest group: β-coefficient. = -3.95, 95% CI -7.75, -0.14). Similar effects were noted for the subscale value of life/social agency (highest vs lowest group: β-coefficient. = -5.96, 95% CI -9.52, -2.37). This association remained significant for women with and without past and/or present depression only for the subscale value of life/social agency although with a more imprecise estimate. No effect was found for participation, a structural dimension of social capital. Conclusions: Women with higher individual-level social capital in mid-pregnancy reported less depressive symptoms 6-8 weeks postpartum. Given the proposed association of perceptions of the social environment with postpartum depressive symptoms, health professionals should consider evidence-based interventions to address depression in a social framework.
AB - Background: Depression, and to a lesser extent postpartum depressive symptoms, have been associated with characteristics of the social environment and social capital. Up to the present, mostly cross-sectional studies have explored such an association without providing a clear temporal relationship between social capital and depression. Objectives: To estimate prospectively the effect of individual-level self-reported maternal social capital during pregnancy on postpartum depressive symptoms. Design: Prospective mother-child cohort (Rhea study). Settings: 4 prenatal clinics in Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Participants: All women for one year beginning in February 2007. From the 1388 participants, complete data were available for 356 women. Methods: Women self-completed two questionnaires: The Social Capital Questionnaire at about the 24th week of gestation and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (range 0-30) at about the 8-10th week postpartum. Maternal social capital scores were categorized into three groups: the upper 10% was the high social capital group, the middle 80% was the medium and the lowest 10% was the low social capital group that served as the reference category. Multivariable log-binomial and linear regression models were performed for: the whole available sample; for participants with a history of depression and/or prenatal EPDS. ≥. 13; for participants without any previous or current depression and prenatal EPDS score. <. 13. Potential confounders included demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and pregnancy characteristics that have an established or potential association with maternal social capital in pregnancy or postpartum depressive symptoms or both. Results: Higher maternal social capital was associated with lower EPDS scores (highest vs lowest group: β-coefficient. = -3.95, 95% CI -7.75, -0.14). Similar effects were noted for the subscale value of life/social agency (highest vs lowest group: β-coefficient. = -5.96, 95% CI -9.52, -2.37). This association remained significant for women with and without past and/or present depression only for the subscale value of life/social agency although with a more imprecise estimate. No effect was found for participation, a structural dimension of social capital. Conclusions: Women with higher individual-level social capital in mid-pregnancy reported less depressive symptoms 6-8 weeks postpartum. Given the proposed association of perceptions of the social environment with postpartum depressive symptoms, health professionals should consider evidence-based interventions to address depression in a social framework.
KW - Depression
KW - Depressive symptoms
KW - EPDS
KW - Greece
KW - Postpartum depression
KW - Social capital
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.08.012
DO - 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.08.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 22980484
AN - SCOPUS:84877271863
SN - 0020-7489
VL - 50
SP - 63
EP - 72
JO - International Journal of Nursing Studies
JF - International Journal of Nursing Studies
IS - 1
ER -