Sarcoidosis-Related Cardiomyopathy: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Future Perspectives State-of-the-Art Review

NISHA A. Gilotra, JAN M. GRIFFIN, NOELLE PAVLOVIC, BRIAN A. HOUSTON, JESSICA CHASLER, COLLEEN GOETZ, JONATHAN CHRISPIN, MICHELLE SHARP, EDWARD K. KASPER, EDWARD S. CHEN, R. O.N. BLANKSTEIN, LESLIE T. COOPER, E. M.E.R. JOYCE, FAROOQ H. SHEIKH

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

The prevalence of sarcoidosis-related cardiomyopathy is increasing. Sarcoidosis impacts cardiac function through granulomatous infiltration of the heart, resulting in conduction disease, arrhythmia, and/or heart failure. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) can be challenging and requires clinician awareness as well as differentiation from overlapping diagnostic phenotypes, such as other forms of myocarditis and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Clinical manifestations, extracardiac involvement, histopathology, and advanced cardiac imaging can all lend support to a diagnosis of CS. The mainstay of therapy for CS is immunosuppression; however, no prospective clinical trials exist to guide management. Patients may progress to developing advanced heart failure or ventricular arrhythmia, for which ventricular assist device therapies or heart transplantation may be considered. The existing knowledge gaps in CS call for an interdisciplinary approach to both patient care and future investigation to improve mechanistic understanding and therapeutic strategies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)113-132
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Cardiac Failure
Volume28
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2022

Keywords

  • cardiac sarcoidosis
  • heart transplantation
  • inflammatory cardiomyopathy
  • interdisciplinary
  • myocarditis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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