Ruptured superior cerebellar artery aneurysm in a child with bilateral fibromuscular hyperplasia of the renal arteries. Case report and review of the literature

The authors report the case of a pediatric patient with bilateral fibromuscular hyperplasia (FMH) of the renal arteries who sustained a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by the rupture of a superior cerebellar artery aneurysm. The aneurysm was successfully treated with microsurgical clip occlusion. The association between renal artery FMH and aneurysmal SAH is extremely rare and incompletely understood. There are six previously published cases in the English literature; only one case involved direct aneurysm treatment and none involved the posterior circulation. In addition to presenting this case, the authors discuss the complexities involved in treating these patients from a technical and conceptual standpoint.