TY - JOUR
T1 - Roles of the auxiliary genes and AP-1 binding site in the long terminal repeat of feline immunodeficiency virus in the early stage of infection in cats
AU - Inoshima, Yasuo
AU - Kohmoto, Mariko
AU - Ikeda, Yasuhiro
AU - Yamada, Hiroshi
AU - Kawaguchi, Yasushi
AU - Tomonaga, Keizo
AU - Miyazawa, Takayuki
AU - Kai, Chieko
AU - Umemura, Takashi
AU - Mikami, Takeshi
PY - 1996/12
Y1 - 1996/12
N2 - To examine the roles of auxiliary genes and the AP-1 binding site in the long terminal repeat of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in vivo, three mutant viruses, which are defective in the vif gene (Δvif), ORF-A gene (ΔORF-A), and AP-1 binding site (ΔAP-1), and wild-type virus as a positive control were separately inoculated into three specific-pathogen-free cats. These cats were assessed by measuring the number of proviral DNA copies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the CD4/CD8 ratio and antibody responses to FIV for 16 weeks and then examining histological changes at necropsy. Although viral DNAs were detected in PBMCs from all 12 cats to various degrees until 16 weeks postinoculation, no virus was recovered from PBMCs of cats infected with Δvif virus during the observation period. However, a very weak antibody response was induced in one cat infected with the Δvif virus. In contrast, despite the successful recovery of virus from both groups of cats infected with ΔORF-A and ΔAP-1 virus, antibody responses and decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio in the groups were milder than those in cats infected with wild-type virus. Furthermore, the numbers of proviral DNA copies in PBMCs from the two groups were nut able to reach the level in cats infected with wild-type virus during the observation period. From these results, we conclude that these mutant viruses are still infectious for cats but failed in efficient viral replication and suggest that these auxiliary genes and enhancer element are important or essential to full viral replication kinetics and presumably to full pathogenicity during the early stage of infection in vivo.
AB - To examine the roles of auxiliary genes and the AP-1 binding site in the long terminal repeat of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in vivo, three mutant viruses, which are defective in the vif gene (Δvif), ORF-A gene (ΔORF-A), and AP-1 binding site (ΔAP-1), and wild-type virus as a positive control were separately inoculated into three specific-pathogen-free cats. These cats were assessed by measuring the number of proviral DNA copies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the CD4/CD8 ratio and antibody responses to FIV for 16 weeks and then examining histological changes at necropsy. Although viral DNAs were detected in PBMCs from all 12 cats to various degrees until 16 weeks postinoculation, no virus was recovered from PBMCs of cats infected with Δvif virus during the observation period. However, a very weak antibody response was induced in one cat infected with the Δvif virus. In contrast, despite the successful recovery of virus from both groups of cats infected with ΔORF-A and ΔAP-1 virus, antibody responses and decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio in the groups were milder than those in cats infected with wild-type virus. Furthermore, the numbers of proviral DNA copies in PBMCs from the two groups were nut able to reach the level in cats infected with wild-type virus during the observation period. From these results, we conclude that these mutant viruses are still infectious for cats but failed in efficient viral replication and suggest that these auxiliary genes and enhancer element are important or essential to full viral replication kinetics and presumably to full pathogenicity during the early stage of infection in vivo.
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U2 - 10.1128/jvi.70.12.8518-8526.1996
DO - 10.1128/jvi.70.12.8518-8526.1996
M3 - Article
C2 - 8970975
AN - SCOPUS:10344262588
SN - 0022-538X
VL - 70
SP - 8518
EP - 8526
JO - Journal of virology
JF - Journal of virology
IS - 12
ER -