TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulation of osteoblast growth by interactions between transforming growth factor-β and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
AU - Gurlek, Alper
AU - Kumar, Rajiv
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Osteoblast growth and differentiation encompass a series of events including proliferation, changes in cell shape, and expression of the markers specific for osteoblast phenotype. Both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and 1(α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25[OH]2D3) are effective in regulating osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, bone matrix maturation and cell-specific gene expression. Although there is some degree of controversy regarding the influences on osteoblasts in vitro, it is generally agreed that TGF-β stimulates osteoblast proliferation and growth, and inhibits the expression of the markers characteristic of the osteoblast phenotype such as osteocalcin. In contrast, 1(α,25(OH)2D3 causes inhibition of the proliferation of osteoblasts, arrests their growth, and stimulates expression of specific markers. In many studies, complex interactions have been demonstrated between TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 modulating their receptor expression, synthesis, and effects on osteoblast-specific gene expression. The cooperative actions of TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 can be synergistic or antagonistic. It has recently been established that Smad proteins that transduce signals downstream the TGF-β stimulation may mediate the crosstalk between TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 signaling. Future studies should focus on the explanation of the molecular basis of these interactions and the in vivo consequences of the regulation of osteoblast growth and differentiation by TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3.
AB - Osteoblast growth and differentiation encompass a series of events including proliferation, changes in cell shape, and expression of the markers specific for osteoblast phenotype. Both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and 1(α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25[OH]2D3) are effective in regulating osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, bone matrix maturation and cell-specific gene expression. Although there is some degree of controversy regarding the influences on osteoblasts in vitro, it is generally agreed that TGF-β stimulates osteoblast proliferation and growth, and inhibits the expression of the markers characteristic of the osteoblast phenotype such as osteocalcin. In contrast, 1(α,25(OH)2D3 causes inhibition of the proliferation of osteoblasts, arrests their growth, and stimulates expression of specific markers. In many studies, complex interactions have been demonstrated between TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 modulating their receptor expression, synthesis, and effects on osteoblast-specific gene expression. The cooperative actions of TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 can be synergistic or antagonistic. It has recently been established that Smad proteins that transduce signals downstream the TGF-β stimulation may mediate the crosstalk between TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3 signaling. Future studies should focus on the explanation of the molecular basis of these interactions and the in vivo consequences of the regulation of osteoblast growth and differentiation by TGF-β and 1(α,25(OH)2D3.
KW - 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D
KW - Gene expression
KW - Growth
KW - Osteoblasts
KW - Smad proteins
KW - TGF-β
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M3 - Review article
C2 - 12067069
AN - SCOPUS:0035740270
VL - 11
SP - 299
EP - 317
JO - Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression
JF - Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression
SN - 1045-4403
IS - 4
ER -