TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and response to hypoglycemia
AU - Butler, P. C.
AU - Rizza, R. A.
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - Postabsorptive and postprandial glucose concentrations are regulated by the interaction of insulin and the counterinsulin hormones. Either an excess of insulin or insulin-like activity or a deficiency of counterregulatory hormone secretion can cause hypoglycemia. Impairment of glycogen storage or breakdown is likely to lead to a relatively rapid fall in glucose, whereas hypoglycemia caused by alterations in gluconeogenesis are generally observed with a more prolonged fast. Although glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone all possess biologic activity capable of opposing insulin action, glucagon appears to be the primary hormone responsible for defense against hypoglycemia. In the absence of glucagon, epinephrine becomes important. Cortisol and growth hormone appear to serve a permissive role during recovery from acute hypoglycemia. Wether they have a more important role during recovery from chronic hypoglycemia remains to be determined.
AB - Postabsorptive and postprandial glucose concentrations are regulated by the interaction of insulin and the counterinsulin hormones. Either an excess of insulin or insulin-like activity or a deficiency of counterregulatory hormone secretion can cause hypoglycemia. Impairment of glycogen storage or breakdown is likely to lead to a relatively rapid fall in glucose, whereas hypoglycemia caused by alterations in gluconeogenesis are generally observed with a more prolonged fast. Although glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone all possess biologic activity capable of opposing insulin action, glucagon appears to be the primary hormone responsible for defense against hypoglycemia. In the absence of glucagon, epinephrine becomes important. Cortisol and growth hormone appear to serve a permissive role during recovery from acute hypoglycemia. Wether they have a more important role during recovery from chronic hypoglycemia remains to be determined.
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U2 - 10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30386-4
DO - 10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30386-4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 2645121
AN - SCOPUS:0024502768
SN - 0889-8529
VL - 18
SP - 1
EP - 25
JO - Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
JF - Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
IS - 1
ER -