@article{b6c67b300ca740949fe44f16398a8d6c,
title = "Recurrence in Bipolar I Disorder: A Post Hoc Analysis Excluding Relapses in Two Double-blind Maintenance Studies",
abstract = "Objective: To assess the efficacy of lamotrigine or lithium in preventing mood recurrence (i.e., a new mood episode) in bipolar disorder. Methods: Data from bipolar I patients with relapses (i.e., mood episodes having the same polarity as the index episode within 90 or 180 days of randomization) were excluded from post hoc efficacy analyses of two 18-month, placebo-controlled maintenance trials of lamotrigine and lithium. Results: Both lamotrigine and lithium were more effective than placebo in delaying the time to intervention for any mood episode (depression, mania, hypomania, or mixed) when relapses that occurred in the first 90 days were excluded from the analyses (p = .002, lamotrigine vs. placebo; p = .010, lithium vs. placebo). Results were similar when patients with mood episodes within 180 days of randomization were excluded. Conclusions: Both lamotrigine and lithium maintenance therapy protected against mood episode recurrence in bipolar I disorder.",
keywords = "Bipolar, depression, lamotrigine, maintenance, mania, recurrence",
author = "Calabrese, {Joseph R.} and Goldberg, {Joseph F.} and Ketter, {Terence A.} and Trisha Suppes and Mark Frye and Robin White and Angela DeVeaugh-Geiss and Thompson, {Thomas R.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by GlaxoSmithKline, developer of lamotrigine. JRC has received funding from or is a consultant to the National Institutes of Mental Health, Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb/Otsuka, Ciba-Geigy, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Lilly Research Laboratories, MacArthur Foundation, National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders, Novartis, Parke-Davis Pharmaceuticals, Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Shire Labs, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Solvay/Wyeth, Stanley Medical Research Institute, Solvay, Tap Holdings, Inc., Teva Pharmaceuticals, and UCB Pharma. JFG has received grants from Abbott Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co. Scientific Advisory Boards: Abbott Laboratories, Astra Zeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Co., GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, Organon, Pfizer, and UCB Pharma; is on the speaker{\textquoteright}s bureau for Abbott Laboratories, Astra Zeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Co., GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer. TAK has received grants from Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers, Squibb, Elan Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Novartis, and Shire Laboratories; is a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Elan Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Novartis, Pfizer, and Shire Laboratories; and has received lecture honoraria from Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Novartis, and Pfizer. TS has received grants from Abbott Laboratories, Astra Zeneca, Bristol Meyers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceutica, National Institutes of Mental Health, Novartis, Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, and The Stanley Medical Research Institute and is a consultant for or participates in advisory boards or Speakers Bureaus for Abbott Laboratories, Astra Zeneca, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Eli Lilly Research Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Novartis Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Pharmaceutical Research Institute (PRI), Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical, Shire Pharmaceutical, Solvay Pharmaceutical, and UCB Pharma. MAF has received grants from Abbott Laboratories, American Foundation for Suicide Prevention GlaxoSmithKline, National Institute of Mental Health, Pfizer Inc., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, and Stanley Medical Research Institute; is a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Astra-Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Elan Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Co., GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Johnson & Johnson PRD, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Ortho McNeil, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer Inc., and UCB Pharma; and is on the speaker{\textquoteright}s bureau for Abbott Laboratories, Astra Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Co., GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Ortho McNeil, and Otsuka Pharmaceuticals. RLW, AMDV-G, and TRT are employees of GlaxoSmithKline.",
year = "2006",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.034",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "59",
pages = "1061--1064",
journal = "Biological psychiatry",
issn = "0006-3223",
publisher = "Elsevier USA",
number = "11",
}