@article{250e1c6c94cb42c3a17031f6180a5512,
title = "Quantitative EEG as a predictive biomarker for Parkinson disease dementia",
abstract = "Objective: We evaluated quantitative EEG (QEEG) measures as predictive biomarkers for the development of dementia in Parkinson disease (PD). Preliminary work shows that QEEG measures correlate with current PD cognitive state. A reliable predictive QEEG biomarker for PD dementia (PD-D) incidence would be valuable for studying PD-D, including treatment trials aimed at preventing cognitive decline in PD. Methods: A cohort of subjects with PD in our brain donation program utilizes annual premortem longitudinal movement and cognitive evaluation. These subjects also undergo biennial EEG recording. EEG from subjects with PD without dementia with follow-up cognitive evaluation was analyzed for QEEG measures of background rhythm frequency and relative power in ω, θ, α, and β bands. The relationship between the time to onset of dementia and QEEG and other possible predictors was assessed by using Cox regression. Results: The hazard of developing dementia was 13 times higher for those with low background rhythm frequency (lower than the grand median of 8.5 Hz) than for those with high background rhythm frequency (p < 0.001). Hazard ratios (HRs) were also significant for > median θ bandpower (HR = 3.0; p = 0.004) compared to below, and for certain neuropsychological measures. The HRs for ω, α, and β bandpower as well as baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were not significant. Conclusion: The QEEG measures of background rhythm frequency and relative power in the θ band are potential predictive biomarkers for dementia incidence in PD. These QEEG biomarkers may be useful in complementing neuropsychological testing for studying PD-D incidence.",
author = "Klassen, {B. T.} and Hentz, {J. G.} and Shill, {H. A.} and E. Driver-Dunckley and Evidente, {V. G.H.} and Sabbagh, {M. N.} and Adler, {C. H.} and Caviness, {J. N.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Klassen reports no disclosures. J.G. Hentz receives research support from Allergan, Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Dynatherm Medical, Inc., Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., U.S. Department of Defense, Arizona Biomedical Research Commission, the NIH (NCI, Small Business Technology Transfer Program), and the Michael J Fox Foundation. Dr. Shill serves on a scientific advisory board for Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Ipsen; serves as a consultant for Medtronic, Inc.; and receives research support from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc., Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Schering-Plough Corp., Boehringer Ingelheim, Kalaco Scientific, Inc., the NIH, Arizona Biomedical Research Commission, and International Essential Tremor Foundation, and the Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson Research. Dr. Driver-Dunckley has received research support from Merck Serono and GlaxoSmithKline. Dr. Evidente serves/has served on scientific advisory boards for Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Allergan, Inc., and Ipsen; serves as a consultant for Allergan, Inc., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC; has received speaker honoraria from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; and receives research support from Allergan, Inc., Allon Therapeutics, Inc., UCB, Arizona Biomedical Research Commission, Arizona Department of Health Services, the NIH/NIA, and Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (Prescott Family Initiative). Dr. Sabbagh serves/has served on scientific advisory boards for Ipsen, AmeriSciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen/Pfizer Inc, Eisai Inc., Medtronic, Inc., Merck Serono, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Allon Therapeutics, Inc.; serves on the editorial boards of Clinical Neurology News, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, and BMC Neurology; receives publishing royalties for The Alzheimer's Answer: Reduce Your Risk and Keep Your Brain Healthy (John Wiley & Sons, 2008); serves as a consultant for Elan Corporation; receives research support from Elan Corporation, Wyeth, Medivation, Inc., Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc., Baxter International Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, GE Healthcare, Eisai Inc., Bayer Schering Pharma, Janssen/Pfizer Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb, the NIH/NIA, the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, and ADNI; and receives royalties from AmeriSciences on the commercial product Cognivite. Dr. Adler has served on scientific advisory boards for Bachmann Strauss Dystonia and Parkinson Foundation; receives publishing royalties for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders (Humana Press, 2000); has served as a consultant to Allergan, Inc., Biogen Idec, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Ipsen, Medtronic, Inc., Merck Serono, and Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC; and receives research support from Arizona Biomedical Research Commission, U.S. Department of Defense, NIH/NINDS, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Disease Research, and National Parkinson's Foundation. Dr. Caviness serves on the editorial board of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders; serves as a consultant for Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; and receives research support from the Huntington's Disease Study Group. Funding Information: Study funding: Supported by Beth and Larry Johnson, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Research, Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (Prescott Family Initiative), Arizona Disease Control Research Commission (contracts 04-800, 4001, 05-901) , and the NIH (P30 AG019610) . ",
year = "2011",
month = jul,
day = "12",
doi = "10.1212/WNL.0b013e318224af8d",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "77",
pages = "118--124",
journal = "Neurology",
issn = "0028-3878",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",
number = "2",
}