TY - JOUR
T1 - Quadrilateral space syndrome
T2 - Diagnosis and clinical management
AU - Hangge, Patrick T.
AU - Breen, Ilana
AU - Albadawi, Hassan
AU - Knuttinen, M. Grace
AU - Naidu, Sailendra G.
AU - Oklu, Rahmi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2018/4/21
Y1 - 2018/4/21
N2 - Quadrilateral space syndrome (QSS) is a rare disorder characterized by axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery (PHCA) compression within the quadrilateral space. Impingement is most frequently due to trauma, fibrous bands, or hypertrophy of one of the muscular borders. Diagnosis can be complicated by the presence of concurrent traumatic injuries, particularly in athletes. Since many other conditions can mimic QSS, it is often a diagnosis of exclusion. Conservative treatment is often first trialed, including physical exercise modification, physical therapy, and therapeutic massage. In patients unrelieved by conservative measures, surgical decompression of the quadrilateral space may be indicated.
AB - Quadrilateral space syndrome (QSS) is a rare disorder characterized by axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery (PHCA) compression within the quadrilateral space. Impingement is most frequently due to trauma, fibrous bands, or hypertrophy of one of the muscular borders. Diagnosis can be complicated by the presence of concurrent traumatic injuries, particularly in athletes. Since many other conditions can mimic QSS, it is often a diagnosis of exclusion. Conservative treatment is often first trialed, including physical exercise modification, physical therapy, and therapeutic massage. In patients unrelieved by conservative measures, surgical decompression of the quadrilateral space may be indicated.
KW - Axillary nerve
KW - Digital subtraction angiography
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Posterior humeral circumflex artery
KW - Quadrilateral space syndrome
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U2 - 10.3390/jcm7040086
DO - 10.3390/jcm7040086
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85063066224
SN - 2077-0383
VL - 7
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine
IS - 4
M1 - 86
ER -