TY - JOUR
T1 - Proteasome inhibition induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis
AU - Anan, Akira
AU - Baskin-Bey, Edwina S.
AU - Bronk, Steven F.
AU - Werneburg, Nathan W.
AU - Shah, Vijay H.
AU - Gores, Gregory J.
PY - 2006/2
Y1 - 2006/2
N2 - Induction of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) apoptosis attenuates hepatic fibrosis, and, therefore, mechanisms to induce HSC cell death are of therapeutic interest. Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in transformed cells, especially those cells dependent upon nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Because stimulated HSCs also trigger NF-κB activation, the aim of this study was to determine if proteasome inhibitors induce HSC apoptosis. The immortalized human HSC line, LX-2, and primary rat HSCs were treated with the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and MG132. Both proteasome inhibitors induced HSC apoptosis. Proteasome inhibition blocked NF-κB activation and, more importantly, NF-κB inhibition by Bay11-7082-triggered HSC apoptosis. Activated HSC survival is dependent upon the NF-κB target gene A1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, as siRNA targeted knockdown of A1-induced HSC apoptosis. In contrast, proteasome inhibition-induced alterations in TRAIL, death receptor 5, and Bim could not be implicated in the apoptotic response. The relevance of these findings was confirmed in the bile-duct-ligated mouse where bortezomib reduced hepatic markers of stellate cell activation and fibrosis. In conclusion, proteasome inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy for inducing HSC apoptosis and inhibiting liver fibrogenesis.
AB - Induction of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) apoptosis attenuates hepatic fibrosis, and, therefore, mechanisms to induce HSC cell death are of therapeutic interest. Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in transformed cells, especially those cells dependent upon nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Because stimulated HSCs also trigger NF-κB activation, the aim of this study was to determine if proteasome inhibitors induce HSC apoptosis. The immortalized human HSC line, LX-2, and primary rat HSCs were treated with the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and MG132. Both proteasome inhibitors induced HSC apoptosis. Proteasome inhibition blocked NF-κB activation and, more importantly, NF-κB inhibition by Bay11-7082-triggered HSC apoptosis. Activated HSC survival is dependent upon the NF-κB target gene A1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, as siRNA targeted knockdown of A1-induced HSC apoptosis. In contrast, proteasome inhibition-induced alterations in TRAIL, death receptor 5, and Bim could not be implicated in the apoptotic response. The relevance of these findings was confirmed in the bile-duct-ligated mouse where bortezomib reduced hepatic markers of stellate cell activation and fibrosis. In conclusion, proteasome inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy for inducing HSC apoptosis and inhibiting liver fibrogenesis.
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U2 - 10.1002/hep.21036
DO - 10.1002/hep.21036
M3 - Article
C2 - 16440346
AN - SCOPUS:33644548700
SN - 0270-9139
VL - 43
SP - 335
EP - 344
JO - Hepatology
JF - Hepatology
IS - 2
ER -