Prognosis of patients with good exercise capacity and mildly abnormal exercise echocardiography results: Identification of an at-risk subgroup

Background: Patients with good exercise capacity and mildly abnormal exercise echocardiography results have a favorable overall prognosis. Objective: We sought to define subgroups that might be at higher risk. Methods: We examined outcomes of 868 patients (women, < 5 metabolic equivalents; men, < 7 metabolic equivalents) with mild rest- or exercise-induced wall-motion abnormalities and evaluated potential predictors of time to cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). Results: Mean age was 64 ± 10 years; 477 patients (55%) were men. Mean follow-up was 3.1 ± 1.5 years; cardiac event rate was 1.2% per person-year. A history of MI was the only significant predictor (risk ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-7.8; P =. 0001), with 1-, 3-, and 5-year event-free survival of 98.5% ± 1.1%, 92.6% ± 2.6%, and 83.3% ± 5.1%, respectively (event rate, 3.4%). Conclusions: Patients with a history of MI have a higher annual cardiac event rate and may benefit from reevaluation, whereas no history of MI connotes a favorable prognosis.