TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and Correlates of Hypersomnolence Symptoms in US Teens
AU - Kolla, Bhanu Prakash
AU - He, Jian Ping
AU - Mansukhani, Meghna P.
AU - Kotagal, Suresh
AU - Frye, Mark A.
AU - Merikangas, Kathleen R.
N1 - Funding Information:
The National Comorbidity Survey?Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) was supported by grant U01-MH60220 from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) with supplemental support from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (R01 DA016558). Manuscript preparation and analysis were supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIMH, the National Institutes of Health (ZIAMH002808 to Ms. He and Dr. Merikangas). The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of any of the sponsoring organizations, agencies, or US Government. Disclosure: Dr. Mansukhani is the principal investigator on a research grant funded by the ResMed Foundation evaluating the effects of adaptive servo-ventilation treatment of central apnea syndromes on health care use that is not relevant to the present work. She is the recipient of a benefactor-sponsored career development award at the Mayo Clinic. She has received honorarium as a reviewer for Lancet Respiratory Medicine. Dr. Kotagal has received royalties from UpToDate. Dr. Frye has received grant support from Assurex Health, the Mayo Foundation, Myriad, the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, the NIMH, and Pfizer. He has served as a consultant to Actify Neurotherapies, Allergan, Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., Janssen, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Myriad, Neuralstem Inc., Otsuka American Pharmaceutical, Sunovion, Takeda, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Drs. Kolla and Merikangas and Ms. He report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - Objective: Recent attention to pervasive sleep deficits in US adolescents has focused on sleep patterns and insomnia, but there are limited data on the prevalence and correlates of hypersomnolence symptoms. Method: The sample included 6,483 adolescents 13 to 18 years of age who were interviewed directly and had parent reports in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative sample of US youth. Information on sleep patterns/symptoms that were collected in the interview was used to determine the population prevalence of DSM-5 criterion A–defined hypersomnolence and component symptoms. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between sleepiness and sub-symptoms of hypersomnolence with weekday/weekend bedtime, sleep duration, mental disorders, and psychotropic medication use. Results: Of the sample, 41.5% reported feeling sleepy during the daytime and 11.7% met criteria for hypersomnolence. The prevalence of hypersomnolence varied depending on age (p < .001) and was more common in adolescent girls (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% CI 1.09–1.78). Excessive sleepiness and hypersomnolence symptoms were associated with shorter sleep duration and delayed bedtimes on weekdays and weekends Hypersomnolence was significantly associated with insomnia (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.87–3.21) and mental disorders (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.42–2.77). After accounting for insomnia, hypersomnolence was no longer associated with use of psychotropic medication (OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.97–2.66). Conclusion: Of adolescents with adequate sleep duration, 11.7% still reported symptoms of hypersomnolence. The strong association between hypersomnolence and insomnia suggests that sleep disorders in adolescents can fluctuate between over- and under-sleeping. Potential mechanisms underpinning the strong associations between sleep disturbances and mental disorders should be further pursued and could provide insight into prevention efforts.
AB - Objective: Recent attention to pervasive sleep deficits in US adolescents has focused on sleep patterns and insomnia, but there are limited data on the prevalence and correlates of hypersomnolence symptoms. Method: The sample included 6,483 adolescents 13 to 18 years of age who were interviewed directly and had parent reports in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative sample of US youth. Information on sleep patterns/symptoms that were collected in the interview was used to determine the population prevalence of DSM-5 criterion A–defined hypersomnolence and component symptoms. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between sleepiness and sub-symptoms of hypersomnolence with weekday/weekend bedtime, sleep duration, mental disorders, and psychotropic medication use. Results: Of the sample, 41.5% reported feeling sleepy during the daytime and 11.7% met criteria for hypersomnolence. The prevalence of hypersomnolence varied depending on age (p < .001) and was more common in adolescent girls (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% CI 1.09–1.78). Excessive sleepiness and hypersomnolence symptoms were associated with shorter sleep duration and delayed bedtimes on weekdays and weekends Hypersomnolence was significantly associated with insomnia (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.87–3.21) and mental disorders (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.42–2.77). After accounting for insomnia, hypersomnolence was no longer associated with use of psychotropic medication (OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.97–2.66). Conclusion: Of adolescents with adequate sleep duration, 11.7% still reported symptoms of hypersomnolence. The strong association between hypersomnolence and insomnia suggests that sleep disorders in adolescents can fluctuate between over- and under-sleeping. Potential mechanisms underpinning the strong associations between sleep disturbances and mental disorders should be further pursued and could provide insight into prevention efforts.
KW - hypersomnia
KW - insomnia
KW - sleep disturbance
KW - sleepiness
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.435
DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.435
M3 - Article
C2 - 30768408
AN - SCOPUS:85064321434
VL - 58
SP - 712
EP - 720
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry
SN - 0890-8567
IS - 7
ER -