@article{c0c6802333ca43d89832b930c81b39f4,
title = "Predictors of pretreatment CA125 at ovarian cancer diagnosis: a pooled analysis in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium",
abstract = "Purpose: Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a glycoprotein expressed by epithelial cells of several normal tissue types and overexpressed by several epithelial cancers. Serum CA125 levels are mostly used as an aid in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer patients, to monitor response to treatment and detect cancer recurrence. Besides tumor characteristics, CA125 levels are also influenced by several epidemiologic factors, such as age, parity, and oral contraceptive use. Identifying factors that influence CA125 levels in ovarian cancer patients could aid in the interpretation of CA125 values for individuals. Methods: We evaluated predictors of pretreatment CA125 in 13 studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. This analysis included a total of 5,091 women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer with pretreatment CA125 measurements. We used probit scores to account for variability in CA125 between studies and linear regression to estimate the association between epidemiologic factors and tumor characteristics and pretreatment CA125 levels. Results: In age-adjusted models, older age, history of pregnancy, history of tubal ligation, family history of breast cancer, and family history of ovarian cancer were associated with higher CA125 levels while endometriosis was associated with lower CA125 levels. After adjusting for tumor-related characteristics (stage, histology, grade), body mass index (BMI) higher than 30 kg/m2 was associated with 10% (95% CI 2, 19%) higher CA125 levels, while race (non-white vs. white) was associated with 15% (95% CI 4, 27%) higher CA125 levels. Conclusion: Our results suggest that high BMI and race may influence CA125 levels independent of tumor characteristics. Validation is needed in studies that use a single assay for CA125 measurement and have a diverse study population.",
keywords = "Biomarker, CA125, Ovarian cancer, Predictors, Prognosis",
author = "Ana Babic and Cramer, {Daniel W.} and Kelemen, {Linda E.} and Martin K{\"o}bel and Helen Steed and Webb, {Penelope M.} and Johnatty, {Sharon E.} and Anna deFazio and Diether Lambrechts and Goodman, {Marc T.} and Florian Heitz and Keitaro Matsuo and Satoyo Hosono and Karlan, {Beth Y.} and Allan Jensen and Kj{\ae}r, {Susanne K.} and Goode, {Ellen L.} and Tanja Pejovic and Melissa Moffitt and Estrid H{\o}gdall and Claus H{\o}gdall and Iain McNeish and Terry, {Kathryn L.}",
note = "Funding Information: The AOV study would like to thank Jennifer Koziak, Mie Konno, Michelle Darago, Faye Chambers and the Tom Baker Cancer Centre Translational Laboratories. The Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Management Group (D. Bowtell, G. Chenevix-Trench, A. deFazio, P. Webb) would like to thank all the clinical and scientific collaborators (see http://www.aocstudy.org/ ) and the women for their contribution. GCT and PW are supported by Fellowships from NHMRC. The BEL study would like to thank Gilian Peuteman, Thomas Van Brussel, Annick Van den Broeck and Joke De Roover for technical assistance. The SRO study would like to thank all members of Scottish Gynaecological Clinical Trials group and SCOTROC1 investigators. Funding Information: Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MOP-86727), U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (DAMD17-01-1-0729), National Health & Medical Research Council of Australia (199600 and 400281), Cancer Councils of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania, Cancer Foundation of Western Australia (Multi-State Application Numbers 191, 211 and 182); Nationaal Kankerplan, National Institutes of Health (R01-CA58598, R01-CA61107, R01-CA122443, R01-CA193965, R01-CA54419, P30-CA15083, P50-CA136393, N01-CN-55424 and N01-PC-67001), Grant-in-Aid for the Third Term Comprehensive 10-Year Strategy for Cancer Control from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, American Cancer Society Early Detection Professorship (SIOP-06-258-01-COUN), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Grant UL1TR000124; Danish Cancer Society (94 222 52), Danish Mermaid I project, Mayo Foundation; Minnesota Ovarian Cancer Alliance, Fred C. and Katherine B. Andersen Foundation, Sherie Hildreth Ovarian Cancer Foundation, Herlev Hospitals Forskningsr{\aa}d, Direkt{\o}r Jacob Madsens og Hustru Olga Madsens fond, Arvid Nilssons fond, Gangsted fonden, Herlev Hospitals Forskningsr{\aa}d, Cancer Research UK (C536/A13086, C536/A6689) and Imperial Experimental Cancer Research Centre (C1312/A15589). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.",
year = "2017",
month = may,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/s10552-016-0841-3",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "28",
pages = "459--468",
journal = "Cancer Causes and Control",
issn = "0957-5243",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "5",
}