Predictive value of individual Sequential Organ Failure Assessment sub-scores for mortality in the cardiac intensive care unit

Purpose To determine the impact of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) organ sub-scores for hospital mortality risk stratification in a contemporary cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) population. Materials and methods Adult CICU admissions between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2015 were reviewed. The SOFA score and organ sub-scores were calculated on CICU day 1; patients with missing SOFA sub-score data were excluded. Discrimination for hospital mortality was assessed using area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUROC) values, followed by multivariable logistic regression. Results We included 1214 patients with complete SOFA sub-score data. The mean age was 67 ± 16 years (38% female); all-cause hospital mortality was 26%. Day 1 SOFA score predicted hospital mortality with an AUROC of 0.72. Each SOFA organ sub-score predicted hospital mortality (all p <0.01), with AUROC values of 0.53 to 0.67. On multivariable analysis, only the cardiovascular, central nervous system, renal and respiratory SOFA sub-scores were associated with hospital mortality (all p <0.01). A simplified SOFA score containing the cardiovascular, central nervous system and renal sub-scores had an AUROC of 0.72. Conclusions In CICU patients with complete SOFA sub-score data, risk stratification for hospital mortality is determined primarily by the cardiovascular, central nervous system, renal and respiratory SOFA sub-scores.