Preclinical ¹H-MRS neurochemical profiling in neurological and psychiatric disorders

The ongoing development of animal models of neurological and psychiatric disorders in combination with the development of advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and instrumentation has led to increased use of in vivo proton NMR spectroscopy ( ¹H-MRS) for neurochemical analyses. ¹H-MRS is one of only a few analytical methods that can assay in vivo and longitudinal neurochemical changes associated with neurological and psychiatric diseases, with the added advantage of being a technique that can be utilized in both preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, recent progress in the use of ¹H-MRS to investigate animal models of neurological and psychiatric disorders is summarized with examples from the literature and our own work.