TY - JOUR
T1 - Polyphenol-rich cranberry juice has a neutral effect on endothelial function but decreases the fraction of osteocalcin-expressing endothelial progenitor cells
AU - Flammer, Andreas J.
AU - Martin, Elizabeth A.
AU - Gössl, Mario
AU - Widmer, R. Jay
AU - Lennon, Ryan J.
AU - Sexton, Jasmine A.
AU - Loeffler, Darrell
AU - Khosla, Sundeep
AU - Lerman, Lilach O.
AU - Lerman, Amir
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This study was partly supported by Ocean Spray®, USA, and partly supported by National Institutes of Health grants (grant number HL085307 for LOL and 5R01AG31750-2 and 5RO1HL92954-2 for AL). AJF was supported by the Walter and Ger-trud Siegenthaler Foundation, the young academics Support Committee of the University of Zurich and the Swiss foundation for medical-biological scholarships (SSMBS; SNSF No PASMP3_132551).The trial was conducted using Ocean Spray® cranberry juice and placebo, respectively.
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - Purpose: Cranberry juice (CJ) contains a remarkably high concentration of polyphenols, considered to be beneficial for cardiovascular and bone health. The current double-blind, randomized study was designed to test whether daily consumption of double-strength Ocean Spray light CJ (2 × 230 ml) over 4 months has beneficial effects on vascular function and on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) carrying the osteoblastic marker osteocalcin in particular. Methods: A total of 84 participants (49.5 ± 16.2 years) with peripheral endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (69 completed the 4-month protocol - 32 in the CJ group and 37 in the placebo group, respectively). Vascular responses to reactive hyperemia were measured non-invasively by peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained for EPC markers, as well as osteocalcin, and counted by flow cytometry. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. The effect of CJ on peripheral endothelial function and on circulating EPC counts (CD34 +/CD133+/KDR+) did not change during the study. A high percentage of EPCs expressed osteocalcin (59.4 ± 35.7%). CJ, as compared to placebo, induced a decrease in the fraction of EPCs expressing osteocalcin (-8.64 ± 48.98 and 19.13 ± 46.11%, respectively, p = 0.019). Systemic levels of the adhesion marker ICAM correlated significantly with the number of EPCs expressing osteocalcin. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that long-term supplementation of polyphenol-rich CJ did not improve peripheral endothelial function. However, the decrease in the fraction of osteocalcin+ EPCs suggests a potential beneficial effect of polyphenol-rich CJ.
AB - Purpose: Cranberry juice (CJ) contains a remarkably high concentration of polyphenols, considered to be beneficial for cardiovascular and bone health. The current double-blind, randomized study was designed to test whether daily consumption of double-strength Ocean Spray light CJ (2 × 230 ml) over 4 months has beneficial effects on vascular function and on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) carrying the osteoblastic marker osteocalcin in particular. Methods: A total of 84 participants (49.5 ± 16.2 years) with peripheral endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial (69 completed the 4-month protocol - 32 in the CJ group and 37 in the placebo group, respectively). Vascular responses to reactive hyperemia were measured non-invasively by peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained for EPC markers, as well as osteocalcin, and counted by flow cytometry. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. The effect of CJ on peripheral endothelial function and on circulating EPC counts (CD34 +/CD133+/KDR+) did not change during the study. A high percentage of EPCs expressed osteocalcin (59.4 ± 35.7%). CJ, as compared to placebo, induced a decrease in the fraction of EPCs expressing osteocalcin (-8.64 ± 48.98 and 19.13 ± 46.11%, respectively, p = 0.019). Systemic levels of the adhesion marker ICAM correlated significantly with the number of EPCs expressing osteocalcin. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that long-term supplementation of polyphenol-rich CJ did not improve peripheral endothelial function. However, the decrease in the fraction of osteocalcin+ EPCs suggests a potential beneficial effect of polyphenol-rich CJ.
KW - Cranberry
KW - Endothelial function
KW - Endothelial progenitor cells
KW - Osteocalcin
KW - Polyphenols
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U2 - 10.1007/s00394-012-0334-4
DO - 10.1007/s00394-012-0334-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 22382203
AN - SCOPUS:84872677695
VL - 52
SP - 289
EP - 296
JO - European Journal of Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Nutrition
SN - 1436-6207
IS - 1
ER -