Phase II Evaluation of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) and Immunity in 11C-Choline-PET/CT-Identified Oligometastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Henan Zhang, Jacob J. Orme, Feven Abraha, B. J. Stish, Val J. Lowe, Fabrice Lucien, Erik J. Tryggestad, Michael S. Bold, Lance C. Pagliaro, C. Richard Choo, Debra H. Brinkmann, Matthew J. Iott, Brian J. Davis, J. Fernando Quevedo, William S. Harmsen, Brian A. Costello, Geoffrey B. Johnson, Mark A. Nathan, Kenneth R. Olivier, Thomas M. PisanskyEugene D. Kwon, Haidong Dong, Sean S. Park

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Outcomes for resistant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are poor. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) induces antitumor immunity in clinical and preclinical studies, but immunologic biomarkers are lacking. Patients and Methods: Eighty-nine patients with oligometastatic CRPC were identified by 11C-Choline-PET (Choline-PET) from August 2016 to December 2019 and treated with SABR. Prespecified coprimary endpoints were 2-year overall survival (OS) and PSA progression. Secondary endpoints included 2-year SABR-treated local failure and 6-month adverse events. Correlative studies included peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations before and after SABR. Results: 128 lesions in 89 patients were included in this analysis. Median OS was 29.3 months, and 1- and 2-year OS were 96% and 80%, respectively. PSA PFS was 40% at 1 year and 21% at 2 years. Local PFS was 84.4% and 75.3% at 1 and 2 years, respectively, and no grade ≥3 AEs were observed. Baseline high levels of tumor-reactive T cells (TTR; CD8þCD11ahigh) predicted superior local, PSA, and distant PFS. Baseline high levels of effector memory T cells (TEM; CCR7_CD45RA_) were associated with improved PSA PFS. An increase in TTR at day 14 from baseline was associated with superior OS. Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive effector T-cell immunophenotype analysis in a phase II trial before and after SABR in CRPC. Results are favorable and support the incorporation of immune-based markers in the design of future randomized trials in patients with oligometastatic CRPC treated with SABR. _2021 American Association for Cancer Research.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)6376-6383
Number of pages8
JournalClinical Cancer Research
Volume27
Issue number23
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2021

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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