Phase 1 study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of TH-302, a hypoxia-activated prodrug, in patients with advanced solid malignancies

Glen J. Weiss, Jeffrey R. Infante, E. Gabriela Chiorean, Mitesh J. Borad, Johanna C. Bendell, Julian R. Molina, Raoul Tibes, Ramesh K. Ramanathan, Karen Lewandowski, Suzanne F. Jones, Mario E. Lacouture, Virginia K. Langmuir, Hank Lee, Stew Kroll, Howard A. Burris

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

110 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: The objectives of this phase 1, first-in-human study were to determine the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of the hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-302 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Experimental Design: TH-302 was administered intravenously over 30 to 60 minutes in two regimens: three times weekly dosing followed by 1 week off (arm A) and every 3-week dosing (arm B). Results: Fifty-seven patients enrolled (arm A: N = 37 and arm B: N = 20). The TH-302 dose was escalated from 7.5 to 670 mg/m2 in arm A and from 670 to 940 mg/m2 in arm B. The most common adverse events were nausea, skin rash, fatigue, and vomiting. Hematologic toxicity was mild and limited. Grade 3 skin and mucosal toxicities were dose limiting at 670 mg/m2 in arm A; the MTD was 575 mg/m2. In arm B, grade 3 fatigue and grade 3 vaginitis/proctitis were dose limiting at 940 mg/m2; the MTD was 670 mg/m2. Plasma concentrations of TH-302 and the active metabolite Br-IPM (brominated version of isophosphoramide mustard) increased proportionally with dose. Two partial responses were noted in patients with metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and melanoma in arm A at 480 and 670 mg/m2. Stable disease was observed in arms A and B in 18 and 9 patients, respectively. Conclusions: The MTD of TH-302 was 575 mg/m2 weekly and 670 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Skin and mucosal toxicities were DLTs. On the basis of responses in metastatic melanoma and SCLC, further investigations in these indications were initiated.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2997-3004
Number of pages8
JournalClinical Cancer Research
Volume17
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - May 1 2011

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

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