TY - JOUR
T1 - Pathophysiology and treatment of enteric hyperoxaluria
AU - Witting, Celeste
AU - Langman, Craig B.
AU - Assimos, Dean
AU - Baum, Michelle A.
AU - Kausz, Annamaria
AU - Milliner, Dawn
AU - Tasian, Greg
AU - Worcester, Elaine
AU - Allain, Meaghan
AU - West, Melissa
AU - Knauf, Felix
AU - Lieske, John C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the American Society of Nephrology.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Enteric hyperoxaluria is a distinct entity that can occur as a result of a diverse set of gastrointestinal disorders that promote fat malabsorption. This, in turn, leads to excess absorption of dietary oxalate and increased urinary oxalate excretion. Hyperoxaluria increases the risk of kidney stones and, in more severe cases, CKD and even kidney failure. The prevalence of enteric hyperoxaluria has increased over recent decades, largely because of the increased use of malabsorptive bariatric surgical procedures for medically complicated obesity. This systematic review of enteric hyperoxaluria was completed as part of a Kidney Health Initiative–sponsored project to describe enteric hyperoxaluria pathophysiology, causes, outcomes, and therapies. Current therapeutic options are limited to correcting the underlying gastrointestinal disorder, intensive dietary modifications, and use of calcium salts to bind oxalate in the gut. Evidence for the effect of these treatments on clinically significant outcomes, including kidney stone events or CKD, is currently lacking. Thus, further research is needed to better define the precise factors that influence risk of adverse outcomes, the long-term efficacy of available treatment strategies, and to develop new therapeutic approaches.
AB - Enteric hyperoxaluria is a distinct entity that can occur as a result of a diverse set of gastrointestinal disorders that promote fat malabsorption. This, in turn, leads to excess absorption of dietary oxalate and increased urinary oxalate excretion. Hyperoxaluria increases the risk of kidney stones and, in more severe cases, CKD and even kidney failure. The prevalence of enteric hyperoxaluria has increased over recent decades, largely because of the increased use of malabsorptive bariatric surgical procedures for medically complicated obesity. This systematic review of enteric hyperoxaluria was completed as part of a Kidney Health Initiative–sponsored project to describe enteric hyperoxaluria pathophysiology, causes, outcomes, and therapies. Current therapeutic options are limited to correcting the underlying gastrointestinal disorder, intensive dietary modifications, and use of calcium salts to bind oxalate in the gut. Evidence for the effect of these treatments on clinically significant outcomes, including kidney stone events or CKD, is currently lacking. Thus, further research is needed to better define the precise factors that influence risk of adverse outcomes, the long-term efficacy of available treatment strategies, and to develop new therapeutic approaches.
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U2 - 10.2215/CJN.08000520
DO - 10.2215/CJN.08000520
M3 - Article
C2 - 32900691
AN - SCOPUS:85097743445
SN - 1555-9041
VL - 16
SP - 487
EP - 495
JO - Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
JF - Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
IS - 3
ER -